https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/issue/feed Academics and Science Reviews Materials 2026-08-24T05:24:39+00:00 Open Journal Systems <p>The journal contains materials of the scientific and technical online conference "Academics and Science Reviews Materials"</p> https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9187 PUBLIC SPACE AS INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE RESILIENCE OF SMALL SETTLEMENTS IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID CLIMATES 2026-08-23T07:04:21+00:00 Anastassiya Vinokurova Gulnara Abdrassilova <p>This article examines the role of public spaces in promoting sustainable development in small settlements under arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. Small settlements are understood as small towns, rural settlements, and transitional rural-urban territories. These types of settlements are considered together because they face similar analytical challenges: limited social and recreational infrastructure, the need for multifunctional public spaces, the high importance of local social ties, and restricted resources for the maintenance and operation of public areas. Public space is understood not only as an element of environmental improvement, but also as social-spatial infrastructure that connects the physical environment, everyday practices, natural processes, local identity, and governance mechanisms. Based on a thematic analysis of academic literature, five factors of public space sustainability are identified: social accessibility, functional viability, environmental and climate adaptability, cultural identity, and management sustainability. Particular attention is given to the relationship between thermal comfort and the social use of public space. The article argues that in arid climates, heat and insufficient shade may restrict outdoor stays, reduce the intensity of space use, and weaken social interaction. The proposed model is universal in character but can be adapted to specific regions, including Kazakhstan</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9196 ПАТОФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ РОЗВИТКУ ФАНТОМНОГО БОЛЮ: СИМПТОМАТИКА ТА СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИ ЛІКУВАННЯ (ОГЛЯДОВА) 2026-08-23T22:20:58+00:00 Анохіна Світлана Іванівна Анохіна Анна Володимирівна <p>Фантомний біль є складним нейропатичним больовим синдромом, який виникає у ділянці ампутованої або анатомічно відсутньої частини тіла. Незважаючи на відсутність периферичного анатомічного субстрату, пацієнт може відчувати різноманітні больові та сенсорні феномени, локалізовані в уявній частині кінцівки. Фантомний біль залишається важливою медико-соціальною проблемою, оскільки може суттєво погіршувати якість життя, сон, психоемоційний стан, функціональну активність і процес реабілітації пацієнтів після ампутації [1] За сучасними даними, фантомний біль виникає у значної частини пацієнтів після ампутації, а його патогенез є багатофакторним і включає периферичні, спінальні, супраспінальні та психосоціальні механізми. Однією з центральних концепцій патогенезу є нейропластична перебудова соматосенсорної та моторної кори після деаферентації. Водночас важливу роль відіграють патологічна активність нервових закінчень у куксі, зміни збудливості нейронів задніх рогів спинного мозку, порушення таламокортикальної взаємодії, зміни схеми тіла та формування стійкої больової пам’яті. Клінічно фантомний біль проявляється пекучим, стріляючим, стискаючим, електричним або судомоподібним болем, а також відчуттям незвичного положення, руху чи деформації відсутньої кінцівки. Лікування фантомного болю потребує комплексного мультидисциплінарного підходу. Застосовують фармакологічні засоби, фізіотерапію, дзеркальну терапію, градуйовану моторну уяву, віртуальну реальність, транскраніальну магнітну стимуляцію, нейромодуляцію та, у резистентних випадках, хірургічні методи. Сучасні дослідження свідчать про перспективність індивідуалізованого лікування, орієнтованого на конкретні патофізіологічні механізми болю.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9200 ПОРУШЕННЯ МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-КЛІТИННИХ МЕХАНІЗМІВ КОНСОЛІДАЦІЇ ПАМ’ЯТІ ПРИ НЕЙРОДЕГЕНЕРАТИВНИХ ПРОЦЕСАХ (ОГЛЯДОВА) 2026-08-23T22:47:58+00:00 Анохіна Світлана Іванівна Бойко Маріоліна Олегівна <p>Консолідація пам’яті є складним багаторівневим процесом, що забезпечує перетворення нестабільних слідів нейронної активності на тривалі функціональні та структурні зміни в нервовій системі. Важливу роль у цьому процесі відіграє гіпокамп, зокрема його поля CA1 і CA3, де синаптична пластичність, довготривала потенціація, внутрішньоклітинна кальцієва сигналізація, активація CaMKII, PKA, MAPK/ERK, CREB та BDNF забезпечують формування і стабілізацію пам’ятевих слідів. При нейродегенеративних захворюваннях ці механізми поступово порушуються. Найбільш детально такі зміни вивчені при хворобі Альцгеймера, де синаптична дисфункція може виникати ще до значної втрати нейронів. Важливу роль відіграють накопичення амілоїду-β, патологічна модифікація тау-білка, порушення глутаматергічної передачі, дисрегуляція NMDA- та AMPA-рецепторів, кальцієвого гомеостазу, нейрозапалення, мітохондріальна дисфункція та оксидативний стрес. Особливої уваги заслуговує ураження CA1 і порушення функціональної взаємодії CA3–CA1, що призводить до дефектів синаптичної пластичності, повторної активації нейронних ансамблів і системної консолідації пам’яті. Розуміння цих механізмів дозволяє розглядати синаптичну пластичність та гіпокампальні мережі як потенційні мішені для раннього терапевтичного втручання.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9201 THE SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE ON DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY: MOLECULAR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, GENETIC MECHANISMS, PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC ADVANCES, PRECISION MEDICINE, EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE AND EMERGING MULTIDISCIPLINARY TREATMENT STRATEGIES 2026-08-23T22:56:57+00:00 Nodar Sulashvili Margarita Beglaryan Maka Buleishvili Mariam Darbaidze Nana Gorgaslidze Nato Alavidze Irina Imerlishvili Marika Sulashvili Lasha Tchelidze Marina Giorgobiani Ada (Adel) Tadevosyan Lali Patsia Igor Seniuk Giorgi Pkhakadze Vira Kravchenko Magda Davitashvili Olga Shapoval Natia Kvizhinadze Lela Grigolia Kakhaber Robakidze David Aphkhazava Nino Abuladze Ketevani Gabunia Mariam Jikidze Teimuraz Enukidze Rajkaran Singh <p>Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) represents a severe, progressive, X-linked neuromuscular disorder characterized by profound skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration, progressive loss of motor function, respiratory insufficiency, and substantial premature morbidity and mortality. The disease is primarily attributable to pathogenic variants in the DMD gene encoding dystrophin, a critical cytoskeletal protein that stabilizes the sarcolemmal membrane through its interaction with the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex. Disruption or complete absence of functional dystrophin induces sarcolemmal fragility, aberrant calcium influx, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, necrotic myofiber degeneration, and progressive replacement of contractile tissue by fibrosis and adipose tissue. Consequently, DMD constitutes not only a paradigmatic monogenic disorder but also a complex translational model integrating molecular genetics, cellular pathophysiology, pharmacology, precision medicine, and multidisciplinary clinical management. The genetic architecture of DMD demonstrates substantial molecular heterogeneity, encompassing large deletions, duplications, small insertions or deletions, nonsense variants, splice-site abnormalities, and other pathogenic alterations. Contemporary molecular diagnostics, including next-generation sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, and complementary genomic technologies, facilitate accurate variant characterization, genetic counseling, carrier identification, prenatal assessment, and therapeutic stratification. Importantly, genotype–phenotype relationships provide a mechanistic foundation for mutation-specific therapeutic interventions designed to restore dystrophin expression or ameliorate downstream molecular pathology. Pharmacotherapeutic management has historically relied on glucocorticoids, particularly prednisone, prednisolone, and deflazacort, which may prolong ambulation and attenuate functional decline but are associated with clinically significant adverse effects. The therapeutic landscape has subsequently expanded through exon-skipping strategies, mutation-directed molecular interventions, and dystrophin-restoration approaches, including antisense oligonucleotides and gene-transfer technologies. These innovations exemplify the transition from conventional symptomatic pharmacotherapy toward molecularly targeted therapeutics. Emerging gene therapy platforms employing micro-dystrophin constructs represent a particularly consequential development, although their clinical implementation requires rigorous assessment of durability, immunogenicity, safety, vector-associated limitations, and long-term therapeutic effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine provides an essential framework for evaluating these rapidly evolving interventions through systematic appraisal of randomized clinical trials, longitudinal cohort studies, natural-history investigations, biomarker research, and real-world evidence. Therapeutic decision-making increasingly requires integration of genetic diagnosis, age, ambulatory status, disease stage, comorbidities, treatment response, safety parameters, patient-centered outcomes, and individualized risk–benefit assessment. Precision medicine therefore represents a central paradigm for optimizing therapeutic selection and developing genotype-specific interventions while acknowledging substantial interindividual variability in disease progression and treatment response. Comprehensive DMD management extends beyond dystrophin restoration and pharmacological intervention. Evidence-based multidisciplinary care incorporates cardioprotective therapy, respiratory surveillance and assisted ventilation when indicated, orthopedic management, bone-health preservation, nutritional optimization, rehabilitation, physical and occupational therapy, psychosocial support, endocrinological monitoring, anesthetic planning, and structured transition from pediatric to adult healthcare. Cardiac surveillance is particularly important because dystrophin deficiency affects cardiomyocytes and may result in progressive cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic complications. Similarly, respiratory management remains fundamental because progressive respiratory muscle weakness contributes substantially to morbidity.The contemporary scientific discourse on DMD demonstrates a profound transformation from supportive management toward mechanism-based, genetically informed, and increasingly precision-oriented therapeutics. Integration of molecular pathophysiology, genomic medicine, pharmacology, evidence-based clinical practice, advanced gene and RNA technologies, and coordinated multidisciplinary care provides a comprehensive framework for improving functional outcomes, quality of life, and survival. Future research should prioritize durable dystrophin restoration, personalized therapeutic algorithms, combination strategies, validated molecular and functional biomarkers, equitable access to innovative therapies, and rigorous long-term pharmacovigilance. Such an integrated translational framework is essential for converting advances in molecular science into clinically meaningful and sustainable improvements for individuals affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9193 Artificial Intelligence and Intercultural Communicative Competence in EFL Classrooms: A Case Study from Central Asia 2026-08-23T18:46:30+00:00 Pariza Yerkin <p>Intercultural communicative competence (ICC) the ability to communicate effectively and appropriately across linguistic and cultural backgrounds is a key goal of EFL instruction (Byram, 1997; Deardorff, 2006). This pilot quasi-experimental study examined teacher-mediated, AI-supported roleplay among 30 B1–B2 EFL students in Kazakhstan. Over four weekly sessions, an experimental group (n = 15) used generative AI, while a comparison group (n = 15) completed parallel tasks without AI. Using pre/post questionnaires, roleplay rubrics, and student reflections, the study found greater development in selected ICC dimensions among AI-supported students, particularly adapting language, interpreting cultural differences, managing misunderstandings, and tolerating ambiguity. Findings suggest that teacher-mediated AI can support ICC development by expanding scenarios, linguistic input, and reflection opportunities, although AI content requires critical verification.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9194 ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ В ПОДГОТОВКЕ УЧИТЕЛЕЙ МУЗЫКИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ 2026-08-23T18:55:20+00:00 Елемесов Жеңісбек Асылжанұлы <p>В статье рассматриваются актуальные вопросы подготовки будущих учителей музыки в условиях цифровизации образования. Анализируются современные тенденции интеграции информационно-коммуникационных технологий в музыкально-педагогическое образование Республики Казахстан. Особое внимание уделяется инновационным методам обучения, направленным на формирование профессиональных компетенций студентов музыкальных специальностей. На основе анализа педагогического опыта выявляются эффективные подходы к модернизации образовательного процесса. В работе обосновывается необходимость внедрения цифровых инструментов в практику музыкального образования, что соответствует стратегическим задачам развития педагогического образования в Казахстане.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9190 Tyrosine Kinase Receptors and Their Pharmacology: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms, Inhibitors, and Therapeutic Applications 2026-08-23T07:26:08+00:00 Mate Mosakhlishvili Rusudan Bolkvadze Nona Bolkvadze Darejan Lortkipanidze Nino Garuchava David Aphkhazava <p>Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) constitute one of the most important classes of cell-surface enzymes governing proliferation, migration, survival and metabolism in multicellular organisms. Aberrant signalling through these receptors is now recognised as a unifying molecular feature of cancer, fibrosis, metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation. Over the last three decades small-molecule kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies directed at RTKs have become cornerstone agents of modern precision medicine. The present review summarises the biology of the major RTK families, the molecular mechanism of action of clinically important inhibitors, the structural basis of inhibitor binding, and the spectrum of diseases in which these drugs are deployed. Special emphasis is placed on the molecular pharmacology of imatinib, gefitinib, erlotinib, osimertinib, lapatinib, neratinib, trastuzumab, bevacizumab, sunitinib, sorafenib, crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, capmatinib, selpercatinib, pralsetinib, larotrectinib, entrectinib, erdafitinib, pemigatinib, ruxolitinib, tofacitinib, nintedanib and vemurafenib. Approximately 8,600 words are distributed across twenty sections, each of roughly 430 words, following the structure described below.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9202 ГИДРОЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРИМОРСКИХ ОЗЕР ДЕЛЬТЫ Р.СЫРДАРИЯ 2026-08-23T23:17:38+00:00 Самбаев Нурлан Серикбаевич <p>Дельтовые озерные системы реки Сырдария представляют собой гидрологически взаимосвязанный комплекс водоемов, проток и пойменных территорий, состояние которого определяется режимом речного стока и регулируемой водоподачей. Целью исследования являлась оценка современного гидроэкологического состояния озерных систем дельты Сырдария. Проведен сравнительный анализ гидрологических, морфометрических и гидрохимических показателей, включая уровень и объем воды, площадь водного зеркала, минерализацию, pH, растворенный кислород и содержание биогенных соединений. Установлена выраженная пространственная и сезонная изменчивость состояния водоемов. Наиболее благоприятные условия отмечены в Камыстыбасской системе, тогда как Приморская система характеризуется большей мелководностью, пониженной прозрачностью и повышенным содержанием отдельных биогенных элементов. Полученные результаты подтверждают ключевую роль речного стока и регулируемой водоподачи в поддержании устойчивого гидрологического и экологического состояния дельтовых озер</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9197 From Bicameral Parliament to the Kurultai: The Transformation of Legislative Power Under Kazakhstan's 2026 Constitution 2026-08-23T22:27:54+00:00 Abdelazim Ismail <p>This article examines the replacement of Kazakhstan's bicameral Parliament by the unicameral Kurultai under the Constitution adopted in 2026. Using doctrinal and functional comparison, it contrasts the composition, representative basis, legislative procedure and oversight powers of the institutions created by the 1995 and 2026 Constitutions. The article identifies three principal results. First, the reform is not primarily a reduction in the size of the legislature: the Kurultai's 145 seats are close to the combined membership of the former Mazhilis and Senate. Its central effect is the concentration of national legislative authority in a single directly elected chamber. Second, the reform replaces the former combination of territorial, mixed and appointed representation with nationwide proportional representation through political parties, producing clearer electoral responsibility but removing constitutionally guaranteed regional representation and single-mandate links. Third, legislative scrutiny is transferred from an inter-chamber process to committees, hearings, opposition rights and plenary voting within the Kurultai. The article argues that unicameralism may improve speed and transparency, but it does not by itself create a stronger parliament. Its success will depend on internal scrutiny, political pluralism and the Kurultai's practical capacity to hold the executive accountable.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9186 Fransız dilində ingilis dili mənşəli sözlərin işlənməsi və onların leksik-semantik xüsusiyyətləri 2026-08-23T06:58:17+00:00 Rəfiyeva Xuraman Əli qızı <p>Müasir dövrdə dillərarası qarşılıqlı təsir qloballaşma, informasiya texnologiyalarının sürətli inkişafı və beynəlxalq ünsiyyətin genişlənməsi nəticəsində daha da intensiv xarakter almışdır. Xüsusilə ingilis dilinin beynəlxalq ünsiyyət vasitəsinə çevrilməsi onun digər dillərin leksik sisteminə təsirini əhəmiyyətli dərəcədə artırmışdır. Bu təsirdən ən çox pay alan dillərdən biri də zəngin tarixi və ədəbi ənənələrə malik olan fransız dilidir. Fransız dili uzun müddət beynəlxalq diplomatiya, elm və mədəniyyət dili kimi mövqeyini qoruyub saxlasa da, XX əsrin ikinci yarısından başlayaraq ingilis dilinin təsiri nəticəsində onun leksik tərkibində əhəmiyyətli dəyişikliklər baş vermişdir. İngilis dili mənşəli sözlərin fransız dilinə daxil olması müxtəlif ictimai, siyasi və mədəni amillərlə bağlıdır. İnformasiya-kommunikasiya texnologiyalarının inkişafı, iqtisadi münasibətlərin beynəlmiləlləşməsi, sosial şəbəkələrin geniş yayılması və beynəlxalq marketinq fəaliyyəti ingilis mənşəli sözlərin istifadəsini sürətləndirmişdir. Bu sözlər, əsasən, kompüter texnologiyaları, biznes, idman, moda, musiqi və reklam sahələrində daha intensiv şəkildə işlədilir. Fransız dilində ingilis dili mənşəli sözlərə münasibət birmənalı olmamışdır. Bir tərəfdən, bu sözlər dilin zənginləşməsinə və yeni anlayışların ifadəsinə xidmət edir, digər tərəfdən isə dilin milli xüsusiyyətlərinin qorunması baxımından müəyyən narahatlıqlar doğurur. Fransada dilin saflığının qorunması istiqamətində qəbul olunmuş qanunvericilik aktları və dövlət qurumlarının fəaliyyəti bu məsələnin aktuallığını bir daha təsdiq edir. Məqalənin məqsədi fransız dilində işlənən ingilis dili mənşəli sözlərin yaranma səbəblərini, onların leksik-semantik xüsusiyyətlərini, funksional imkanlarını və müasir fransız dilinin inkişafındakı rolunu müəyyənləşdirməkdən ibarətdir.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9203 Şəki-Zaqatala Regional Turizm Ekosisteminin CİS (GIS) Əsaslı Modelləşdirilməsi və Rekreasiya Potensialının Zonalaşdırılması 2026-08-23T23:25:39+00:00 Şəfəq Əliyeva Məmməd qızı <p>The Sheki-Zaqatala economic region, particularly its key historical and geographical center, the city of Sheki, possesses rich natural-recreational and cultural-historical resources. In this research paper, the assessment of Sheki region's tourism ecosystem and the zoning of its recreational potential were conducted based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methodology. Utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) algorithm, physical-geographic and socio-economic factors—including topography (slope, aspect), vegetation cover (NDVI), hydrography, and transportation-infrastructure networks—were mathematically weighted. As a result of the spatial analysis, the territory of Sheki was classified into optimal recreational zones based on specific tourism types (ecotourism, mountain-sports, and cultural-historical tourism), and a regional sustainable development model was proposed</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9184 Идентификация и управление рисками в проектах: современный подход 2026-08-23T06:20:05+00:00 Цой Дмитрий Алексеевич Закиров Елнұр Қазезұлы <p>Управление рисками в области строительства представляет собой важнейший аспект для успешной реализации проектов. В этой статье обсуждаются ключевые риски, оказывающие влияние на строительные процессы, а также современные подходы к их выявлению и снижению. Оценивается воздействие колебаний цен на строительные материалы, задержек в поставках, ошибок в проектной документации, административных препонов и погодных условий. В работе также представлены как количественные, так и качественные методики оценки рисков, такие как SWOT-анализ, метод Дельфи и метод ожидаемой денежной стоимости (EMV). В заключение статьи сформулированы стратегические рекомендации для повышения устойчивости строительных проектов и уменьшения вероятности возникновения серьезных угроз.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9185 ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ КОНЦЕПЦИИ КОМПЛАЕНС-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА: ОТ НОРМАТИВНОГО СООТВЕТСТВИЯ К СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОМУ УПРАВЛЕНИЮ РИСКАМИ 2026-08-23T06:51:03+00:00 Абильтусупова Айгерим Абильхазиевна Туякбаева Айнур Жасулановна <p>Исследование направлено на обоснование эволюции комплаенс-менеджмента от нормативного соответствия к стратегическому управлению рисками. Применен сравнительный анализ подходов, изучение международных стандартов и практических кейсов российских, казахстанских и зарубежных компаний. Выявлено, что интеграция комплаенса в стратегическое управление обеспечивает устойчивость бизнеса, а риск-ориентированный подход позволяет оптимизировать ресурсы и снижать угрозы. Комплаенс трансформируется из изолированной функции в стратегический актив, формирующий корпоративную культуру и конкурентное преимущество.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9188 AI-Driven Prediction and Resilience Building in Tourism Risk and Crisis Management 2026-08-23T07:08:18+00:00 Zhen Li <p>Tourism systems are exposed to health, environmental, geopolitical, technological, and operational disruptions. This conceptual study explains how natural language processing, knowledge graphs, and time-series forecasting can be combined to strengthen early warning and organizational resilience. It uses a structured integrative review and mechanism synthesis rather than presenting original empirical estimates. The resulting framework connects heterogeneous data inputs to signal detection, relational diagnosis, forecasting, human validation, coordinated response, and post-event learning. Three propositions specify when artificial intelligence is most likely to improve preparedness, supply-chain adaptability, and accountable emergency decisions. The analysis also identifies limits involving data drift, rare events, multilingual bias, privacy, cybersecurity, and automation bias. The paper contributes an auditable human-in-the-loop architecture that treats artificial intelligence as decision support rather than an autonomous crisis manager</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9189 Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Management Decision-Making in the Context of Digital Transformation 2026-08-23T07:22:27+00:00 Zhen Li <p>Artificial intelligence changes managerial decision-making by redistributing prediction, evaluation, and authorization between algorithms and organizational actors. This conceptual paper develops a governance-oriented framework for AI-assisted decisions under digital transformation. A structured integrative review links machine learning, knowledge-based systems, and predictive analytics to three mechanisms: reducing information asymmetry, augmenting bounded managerial cognition, and accelerating feedback-based organizational learning. The framework distinguishes decision support, sequential hybrid decision-making, and constrained delegation, and maps each mode to suitable task conditions and controls. Four propositions explain how task structure, explainability, data quality, and accountability influence decision quality. The study rejects claims of automatic performance improvement and specifies an implementation cycle covering problem definition, baseline comparison, human review, monitoring, and audit. Its principal contribution is a practical and testable model of responsible human–AI decision architecture for service- and information-intensive organizations</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9192 Sentiment Analysis of Social Media Data Using an Ensemble of Classical Models and RoBERTa 2026-08-23T18:39:36+00:00 Yerzen Arman <p>The use of social media data for sentiment analysis presents a number of important challenges because the nature of user-generated text is often informal and noisy and is heavily dependent on context. Classical machine learning algorithms provide efficient computations but do not typically account for the very deep semantic properties of the text they analyse, whereas transformer-based models, such as RoBERTa, are able to provide a much richer understanding of context but require substantial computational resources. In this research, we employ an ensemble architecture which combines three classical classifiers (SVM, LR, and XGBoost) with a fine-tuned RoBERTa model, making predictions with this combined framework using a soft-vote method for classifying the sentiments of social media textual data. We evaluate the ensemble architecture on three benchmark datasets (Sentiment140, IMDb, Twitter US Airline) and find that the ensemble outperformed RoBERTa alone on the IMDb dataset by 1.42 percentage points (92.51% accuracy), with the ensemble much more closely matching the performance of RoBERTa on the Sentiment140 and Twitter US Airline datasets while maintaining significantly more balanced scores for precision and recall. The ensemble produced no additional training overhead in comparison to RoBERTa and the total inference cost was negligible when compared to the time required to fine-tune the RoBERTa model (up to 3,096 seconds). The results of this research indicate that the combination of lightweight classical classifiers with a transformer architecture via a soft voting ensemble yields a generalisable and computationally practical architecture for performing sentiment analysis of social media data</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9198 THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING THE HISTORY OF ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS 2026-08-23T22:33:09+00:00 MEHDIYEVA AYTEN ALI <p>Studying ancient civilizations provides insight into humanity`s historical heritage, as these civilizations played a significant role in human development across the fields of writing, law, philosophy, science, and the arts. Eastern civilizations shaped early urban cultures and systems of governance, while Western societies left a profound mark on democracy, rights, and philosophy. Examining these cultures helps explore the historical roots of contemporary social, economic, and cultural issues and identify solutions to them. The exchange of knowledge, technology, and culture between civilizations shaped the early stages of globalization. Eastern principles of harmony and spirituality, alongside Western critical thinking and logical approaches, defined the fundamental characteristics of modern societies. Studying ancient intercultural relations provides a model of mutual respect and tolerance for the modern world. Preserving and studying their heritage strengthens humanity`s historical memory and opens up new perspectives for building the future. For this reason, the study of the ancient civilizations of the East and West is vitally important – both for understanding the past and for shaping the societies of today and tomorrow.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9207 Institutional Transformation of the Cultural Sector in the Context of the Formation of the Ulytau Region 2026-08-24T04:11:03+00:00 Berik Abdigaliuly Nazgul Nurzhanovna Kadrimbetova <p>This article examines the institutional transformation of the cultural sector in the region following the establishment of the Ulytau Region in 2022. Based on a comparative-dynamic method, statistical indicators from 2019 to 2026 are analyzed to identify key structural shifts before and after the region’s administrative creation.</p> <p>The formation of the Ulytau Region served as a catalyst for reorganizing cultural management entities, establishing specialized mechanisms for historical and cultural heritage protection, founding new cultural organizations, and expanding overall cultural infrastructure. Consequently, the establishment of the region is evaluated not as the sole cause of transformations in the cultural domain, but as a critical accelerating factor for institutional change.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/ASCRM/article/view/9211 Meeting the educational needs of gifted children in an inclusive education environment 2026-08-24T05:24:39+00:00 Ramazanova K. <p>The effective inclusion of gifted children in the educational process is one of the important directions of modern inclusive education. The high intellectual and creative potential of these children requires their individual educational needs to be recognized and appropriate pedagogical support to be provided. This article examines the academic, social, and emotional challenges faced by gifted children in inclusive educational environments, as well as approaches to organizing instruction according to their individual characteristics. Individualized and differentiated instruction, enriched curricula, individualized educational plans, and student-centered pedagogical approaches are considered important tools for developing the potential of gifted children. The article also emphasizes the role of cooperation among teachers, parents, psychologists, and other specialists in ensuring children’s academic achievement, social adaptation, and emotional well-being. The analysis demonstrates that a properly organized inclusive educational environment supports not only the intellectual abilities of gifted children but also their social and emotional development. Consequently, the implementation of pedagogical strategies based on individual educational needs enables gifted children to fully realize their potential, participate equally in the educational process, and achieve successful integration into society.</p> 2026-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026