Optical-reconstructive interventions for traumatic eye injuries. Clinical case

Abstract

Violation of the integrity of the outer shell of the eye with penetrating wounds is often accompanied by loss of the inner shells (more often the iris) and the contents of the eyeball, the frequency of which, according to statistics from various authors, ranges from 40 to 80% [1, 4, 6].

In 75% of cases, mechanical eye injury is a polymorphic combined pathology with a complex lesion of various structures of the eyeball, primarily its anterior segment, which causes a severe course of the post-traumatic period and affects the prognosis of treatment. Most often (46.2%) there is a combined damage to three main structures – the cornea, iris and lens. Various injuries of the iris are present in 41% of patients with traumatic cataracts and in 38.7% of patients with intraocular foreign bodies [2, 6].

Aniridia is the complete or partial absence of the iris of the eye due to traumatic damage, causes not only cosmetic defects, but also leads to spherical and chromatic aberrations, diplopia, pronounced photophobia and decreased visual acuity, contributes to the development of corneal dystrophy, secondary glaucoma, retinal detachment and other complications [4, 5].

Implantation of an "Artificial iris" is a surgical intervention aimed at correcting extensive defects of the iris or restoring the iris in its complete absence. With combined pathology or damage to the iris and lens, there are great difficulties in intraocular correction, the choice of model and method of fixation of IOL.