SHI‘ISM IN THE SYSTEM OF ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY

Abstract

This article examines Shi‘ism as an independent philosophical system within the structure of the Islamic intellectual tradition. It analyzes the key concepts of Shi‘ite thought, including the Imamate, esoteric hermeneutics (ta’wīl), the specific features of Shi‘ite kalām, as well as the development of metaphysics within the framework of Illuminationism (Ishrāqism) and the Transcendent Theosophy of Mullā Ṣadrā. Special attention is given to the philosophy of Shi‘ism in Azerbaijan and contemporary Iran. It is demonstrated that Shi‘ism constitutes an integral philosophical system in which rational thought, revelation, and mystical experience are brought into unity. The article concludes by emphasizing the significance of Shi‘ite philosophy for contemporary philosophy of religion and intercultural dialogue.