Probiotics as an alternative to feed antibiotics in poultry

Abstract

Live bacteria known as probiotics can promote host health when administered in sufficient doses. The use of probiotics in chicken production has gradually increased over the years due to the increased demand for antibiotic-free poultry. The objective of this systematic study is to summarize and evaluate the effects of probiotics on digestion, immunology, growth and laying performance, gut histomorphology, and gut microbiota of chickens. An electronic search was conducted using relevant keywords to locate literature on this topic. Excessive or improper use of antibiotics in animal husbandry inevitably leads to their accumulation in excess amounts in staple foods, posing a threat to human health, causing dysbiosis, allergies, and reducing immunity. This is especially dangerous for children whose immune system is not yet fully formed, as well as for the elderly and people suffering from chronic diseases.