MINERALOGICAL PROPERTIES OF OXIDE ORE OF THE CHOVDAR DEPOSIT

Abstract

The Chovdar deposit is an important deposit in Azerbaijan for gold mining. The composition and mineralogy of the oxide ores of this deposit provide important information for understanding the nature of local geological processes and for the development of minerals. In addition to the high concentration of gold, the main mineralogy is dominated by quartz, limonite, hematite and other oxide minerals. The formation of ores is closely related to hydrothermal processes and the oxidation processes that occur as a result of them. Studying the mineralogy of the Chovdar deposit is also important for ensuring its efficient exploitation from an economic point of view. The mineral composition observed in the oxide ores of the Chovdar deposit depends on the formation conditions of the deposit and geochemical processes. Oxide ores formed under the influence of hydrothermal sources were mainly formed as a result of metasomatic processes occurring under conditions of high temperature and pressure. The microscopic distribution of gold in ores and its association with limonite, hematite and other oxide minerals require the application of special technologies during the development of the deposit. Geochemical analyses show that in addition to gold, other valuable elements, such as silver, are also concentrated in the oxide zone. Gold can exist mainly in a free state or in association with quartz veins. Limonite and hematite minerals are widespread in zones close to the surface of the deposit, which reflects the strong influence of oxidation processes. The observation of goethite minerals in the composition of ores is associated with atmospheric effects and the presence of oxygen, which play an important role in the formation of the oxide zone. Studies show that oxide ores have complex structures from a geological point of view, and in order to maximize their mineral potential, a deeper study of both mineralogy and technology is needed. These studies are aimed at optimizing the exploitation processes of the deposit and minimizing losses during processing. With these features, the Chovdar deposit is of great strategic importance for the mining industry of Azerbaijan. The study of the Chovdar deposit's oxide ores is crucial not only for understanding the geological processes but also for enhancing the economic efficiency of gold extraction. Detailed investigations of the ore’s mineralogy and structure provide significant insights into the deposit’s future exploitation. Moreover, the unique association of gold with oxide minerals like limonite and hematite underlines the importance of advanced extraction techniques. These findings also point to the potential for further exploration in adjacent regions, as the formation conditions might be similar. Furthermore, environmental considerations are important when developing such a deposit, ensuring that sustainable mining practices are implemented. These aspects contribute to the deposit's ongoing relevance to Azerbaijan's mining sector