Analysis of the prevalence of Thalassemia disease in Azerbaijan by region

Abstract

Thalassemia is a blood disorder passed down through families (inherited) in which the body makes an abnormal form or inadequate amount of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. The disorder results in large numbers of red blood cells being destroyed, which leads to anemia.

Thalassemias are a genotypically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of diseases. There are β-, α-, δ-, δβ– and γ-thalassemias, of which β– and δβ- thalassemias are of greatest practical interest for Uzbekistan. β-thalassemia is the result of inhibition of beta-chain synthesis. In beta-thalassemia, there is an excess of alpha-polypeptide chains. Homozygous beta-thalassemia is characterized by the appearance of clinical signs in the second half of the first year of a child's life.