Blockchain in the Internet of Things (IoT): Modern Trends, Opportunities, and Future Development

Abstract

The rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) has resulted in the emergence of billions of interconnected devices that continuously generate massive volumes of data. One of the major challenges associated with this growth is ensuring data security, integrity, trust between devices, and the scalability of the entire infrastructure. Blockchain technology has emerged as one of the most promising solutions to these challenges. Through decentralized data storage, cryptographic protection, and the elimination of centralized control, blockchain significantly enhances the resilience of IoT systems against cyberattacks, hardware failures, and data manipulation.

This paper examines contemporary approaches to integrating blockchain technology with the Internet of Things, discusses the major benefits and current limitations of this integration, and analyzes its practical applications across various sectors of the digital economy. Furthermore, the study highlights future research directions involving the convergence of blockchain, edge computing, artificial intelligence, and next-generation communication networks.