ANALYSIS AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A REGENERATIVE ENERGY ELEVATOR DRIVE SYSTEM IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS FOR REDUCING POWER CONSUMPTION

Abstract

Enhancing the energy efficiency of engineering systems in residential buildings is a critical objective of modern resource conservation. One promising solution is the use of regenerative energy, which allows for the recovery of a portion of previously consumed electrical energy and its reuse within the building's power system. The application of regeneration is particularly significant for elevator installations, which can account for up to a quarter of a building's total energy consumption. During elevator operation—such as during braking, the upward movement of an empty car, or the downward movement of a loaded car—the electric drive enters a generator mode, enabling it to produce electrical energy. The nature and magnitude of the regeneration are determined by the dynamic parameters of the movement and the efficiency of the power conversion chain. Traditional systems equipped with braking resistors dissipate excess energy as heat, preventing its beneficial use. In contrast, modern systems based on energy storage devices or grid-tie inverters allow for the storage or return of regenerated energy back to the building's electrical grid. This leads to a reduction in the load on the power system, decreased thermal losses, and an improvement in the overall energy efficiency of the elevator installation. The use of supercapacitors is effective for handling short-term power surges, while battery modules are suitable for accumulating significant amounts of energy and optimizing consumption patterns. The analysis has shown that the application of regeneration can achieve up to 20% energy savings for the elevator and increase the system efficiency to 90–95%. The further development of energy storage technologies, improvements in control systems, and integration with smart grids open up new opportunities for enhancing the efficiency of elevator installations. Energy regeneration is becoming a vital element of sustainable urban infrastructure, reducing energy costs and improving the environmental safety of buildings