DIPLOMATIC PROTOCOL AND ETIQUETTE AS TOOLS OF THE DIPLOMAITC SERVICE

Abstract

In foreign policy, and especially in its main tool – diplomacy, there are mandatory rules of conduct, the procedure for various ceremonies, and a strict sequence of various events. This whole area, which is an integral part of diplomacy, is called the protocol.
            At first glance, it may seem that the diplomatic protocol is something static, something where everything has been fixed and defined for centuries. However, after closer examination, it turns out that everything is not so simple. Of course, there are ultimate protocol rules that are mandatory for everyone. For example, the rules of conduct in society, the culture of speech, the culture of self-presentation, etc. These rules have been formed since ancient times; they have a centuries-old history. They are equally understandable in all civilized countries, either in Europe or in America, either in Asia or in Africa. However, along with these ultimate rules, there are also national peculiarities of the protocol.

Ideally, all protocol norms shall be detailed in the state protocol of any country, taking into account the peculiarities of the state, i.e. the rules for receiving high-ranking guests, the rules for accepting credentials, various ceremonies, visits at all levels, the protocol precedence of officials, and the rules for awarding and accepting awards and orders of foreign states.

On December 16, 1991, the Supreme Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On State Independence." Gaining state independence has become an important historical event for the country, which made a choice in favor of democracy, freedom, building an open free economy and trade, and a liberal investment policy¹.

In 1991, the Republic of Kazakhstan began to operate in the international field as an independent state. After Kazakhstan gained independence, the diplomatic service was established as one of the first state services. Considering that the backbone of the diplomatic service was made up of Soviet school personnel, the Soviet model of the diplomatic service was adopted as the basis for the structure of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and embassies. The system of views, goals, objectives, principles, and foreign policy of the independent young state are reflected in the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted at the republican referendum on August 30, 1995².

The purpose of the work is to develop scientifically-based recommendations for further improvement of the protocol of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

In accordance with this goal, the following objectives have been identified:

1. To review the basic rules of international diplomatic protocol and etiquette.
2. To analyze the reasons that caused the adoption of certain protocol rules.
3. To review the interaction of protocols of different countries with each other.
4. Analysis of the State Protocol of the Republic of Kazakhstan from the standpoint of practical applicability and consistency with international protocol norms, taking into account Kazakhstan's national characteristics and traditions.

The structure of this paper consists of an abstract, main body, conclusion, references.