Pharmacological Interventions for Aging and Rejuvenation: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Anti-Aging Therapeutics

Authors

  • David Aphkhazava PhD, Full Professor of Biochemistry at Alte university, Tbilisi, Georgia; Invited Lecturer (Professor) of Biochemistry, University of Georgia, Tbilisi Georgia, Full professor of Biochemistry Georgian National University SEU, Tbilisi Georgia , Invited Lecturer (Professor) of Biophysics and Microbiology, Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi Georgia. Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6216-6477
  • Archil Chirakadze PhD, Georgian Techical University, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
  • Nodar Sulashvili MD, PhD, Doctor of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences In Medicine, Invited Lecturer (Professor) of Scientific Research-Skills Center at Tbilisi State Medical University; Professor of Medical and Clinical Pharmacology of International School of Medicine at Alte University; Professor of Pharmacology of Faculty of Medicine at Georgian National University SEU, Associate Affiliated Professor of Medical Pharmacology of Faculty of Medicine at Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani University; Associate Professor of Medical Pharmacology at School of Medicine at David Aghmashenebeli University of Georgia; Associate Professor of Biochemistry and Pharmacology Direction of School of Health Sciences at the University of Georgia. Associate Professor of Pharmacology of Faculty of Dentistry and Pharmacy at Tbilisi Humanitarian Teaching University; Tbilisi, Georgia; Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9005-8577.
  • Lolita Shengelia PhD, Invited lecturer of Georgian National University, Tbilisi, Georgia; Invited lecturer of Georgian American University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Chanchal Rathod MD, Alte University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Ramashish Subhashchandra Vishwakarma University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Hajar Aslam Mukadam University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Devanshu Ganje MD, Alte University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Aditya Panchal MD, Alte University, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Krupa Kavale MD, Alte University, Tbilisi, Georgia

Keywords:

Aging, Rejuvenation, Metformin, NAD⁺ Precursors, Rapamycin, Senolytics, Resveratrol, Anti-Aging Medicine, Healthspan, Clinical Outcomes, Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Aging is the principal risk factor for chronic diseases and functional decline, making the development of interventions that target the biology of aging a priority for modern medicine. In recent years, pharmacological strategies aimed at promoting rejuvenation and extending healthspan have gained considerable attention, including the use of metformin, NAD⁺ precursors, rapamycin, senolytics, resveratrol, and other compounds with geroprotective potential. This study presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized clinical trials investigating the efficacy of pharmacological anti-aging interventions. Data were extracted from major clinical databases and analyzed to evaluate effects on biomarkers of inflammation, metabolic regulation, frailty, cognitive performance, and physical function.

The results indicate that metformin significantly reduces systemic inflammatory markers, including interleukin-6, and improves insulin sensitivity. NAD⁺ precursors such as nicotinamide riboside enhance mitochondrial function and modestly improve physical endurance and walking speed. Rapamycin and its analogs demonstrate improvements in immune resilience and infection resistance but are associated with dose-dependent adverse events. Senolytic agents such as dasatinib plus quercetin show substantial promise in reducing frailty indices and improving mobility in elderly populations. Resveratrol demonstrates modest improvements in metabolic regulation and vascular function, though heterogeneity of study designs limits firm conclusions.

Overall, these findings support the notion that targeting fundamental aging pathways with pharmacological interventions yields clinically meaningful benefits across multiple domains of healthspan. However, further large-scale, long-term, and harmonized clinical trials are required to establish safety, efficacy, and appropriate dosing regimens. Anti-aging medicine is transitioning from experimental to translational clinical practice, offering potential to redefine preventive medicine and extend healthy human lifespan.

Published

2025-09-22

How to Cite

David Aphkhazava, Archil Chirakadze, Nodar Sulashvili, Lolita Shengelia, Chanchal Rathod, Ramashish Subhashchandra Vishwakarma, Hajar Aslam Mukadam, Devanshu Ganje, Aditya Panchal, & Krupa Kavale. (2025). Pharmacological Interventions for Aging and Rejuvenation: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Anti-Aging Therapeutics. Scientific Results, (11). Retrieved from https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/SR/article/view/6813

Issue

No. 11 (2025): Scientific Results

Section

Biological Sciences

License

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