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Abstract

"Speech - the activity of a person who uses language in order to communicate with other members of a certain collective, conversation; of complex content - both information, appeal, incitement, etc. the use of various means of language for its expression" (5, 187).

Language and speech are two aspects of the speech activity of the same event that interact with each other. Language is necessary for speech to be clear and effective, and speech is necessary for language to exist. If language is a means of communication, then speech is communication itself.

The famous Swiss linguist F. de Sössür described the similarities and differences of language and speech in detail for the first time. He considered language and speech to be two different phenomena, and showed that language is the use of grammatical system and vocabulary, i.e. language units, and speech is the use of those units for communication purposes. As a result, these ideas are summarized in such a way that although language and speech are different categories, these two concepts are interconnected and in dialectical unity with each other. The functions of language (informing, communicating, influencing) are also the functions of speech. Language is enriched at the expense of speech, and speech is enriched at the expense of language.