Scientific Research and Experimental Development

DIGITAL TWIN PLATFORM FOR AGRO-WASTE BIODEGRADABLE PACKAGING IN CENTRAL ASIA: IOT QUALITY AND ML RECIPE OPTIMISATION

Ryumkina Inga Nikolaevna — 2026-01-26

The transition from petroleum-based packaging to biodegradable alternatives is constrained by feedstock variability, slow recipe development, and limited process controllability at pilot scale. This paper proposes an integrated Industry 4.0 framework for producing biodegradable packaging biocomposites from locally available agro-waste (e.g., cereal straw and rice husk) through the BioPack Core module embedded in the R&D Central Asia platform. The approach combines (i) an IoT-enabled data layer for raw-material traceability and in-line monitoring, (ii) a production-line digital twin for predictive process optimisation and virtual commissioning, and (iii) machine-learning models for formulation screening and multi-objective recipe optimisation. We present a methodological pipeline that links agro-waste physicochemical descriptors with mechanical, barrier, and biodegradation performance targets, enabling accelerated down-selection of candidate biocomposites and risk-reduced scale-up. The proposed architecture contributes a reproducible digital thread from «waste-to-recipe-to-product» supporting quality management, faster R&D cycles, and scalable circular bioeconomy deployment in Central Asia

The role of bark beetles (Latin: Scolytinae) in the degradation of spruce forest groves in Georgia and the biological agent of these pests, the ant beetle (Latin: Thanasimus formicarius)

Giorgi Salukvadze — 2026-01-26

Georgia is world famous for its unique Caucasian relict and endemic species of plant diversity. Conifers, which are widely distributed throughout the country, form sacred groves, but unfortunately for us, the main pests of spruce crops (bark eaters) are widespread in the forest-covered areas, which pose a great threat to the ecosystem of coniferous forests and its economic importance. In modern life, when a very big role is assigned to less damage to our surrounding environment, it was necessary to reduce as much as possible the use of measures to fight against harmful organisms that would harm the environment and all living organisms living in it, that's why the integrated protection of plants came to the fore, the main essence of which is, the management of harmful organisms not only by chemical means, but also by combining biological, agro-technological and mechanical methods. Since the use of chemical means against crustaceans does not give us the maximum result, due to the specifics of the pest's harmfulness, we decided to start biological measures to fight against it, which provides for the reproduction of the biological agent of crustaceans, Thanasimus formicarius, in laboratory conditions and its subsequent transfer to areas covered by pests.

Prospects of Biological Control of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug -Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) in Georgia Using Egg Parasitoids

Manana Kereselidze — 2026-01-26

The brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys is one of the most harmful invasive agricultural pests in Georgia, causing significant damage to a wide range of crops. Intensive reliance on chemical control has raised environmental concerns and highlighted the need for sustainable pest management strategies. Integrate Pest Management (IPM) is an alternative to chemical control against pest insects. In IPM biological control using egg parasitoids is one of the effective methods. The egg parasitoid Trissolcus japonicus was first recorded in Georgia in 2022 and is considered an adventive established species. In 2025, approximately 30,000 individuals of T. japonicus were mass-reared under laboratory conditions and released into selected field sites. Post-release monitoring confirmed successful establishment and parasitism under natural conditions. The results indicate that egg parasitoids represent a viable and environmentally safe tool for long-term management of H. halys in Georgia.

Boxwood pathogenic fungi in western Georgia

Lamzir Beradze — 2026-01-26

Boxwood (Buxus L., 1753) It is a genus of deciduous plants from the boxwood family. It is a unique plant. It is rare in the world to have a plant that is both evergreen and deciduous. Boxwood is among these rare plants. In addition, it is one of the best green decorations. Common boxwood as a shrub variety is widespread in almost all regions of Georgia - in Adjara, Guria, Svaneti, Samegrelo, Racha and Imereti. It is also found in eastern Georgia ( К. Ю. Одишария, 1959).

Boxwood is an evergreen deciduous tree or shrub. It grows to a height of 6-10 meters, lives for more than 700 years. It blooms in April and May. It grows slowly. It reaches 5-7 meters in 100 years, it is excellent shade-tolerant. It grows as an understory. It thrives in bright locations. It tolerates frosts of -20 and -22 ⁰C without damage.

Ecological essence of the effect of windbreaks on agricultural crops in the Imereti zone

Kopaliani Lia — 2026-01-26

The paper provides an analysis of the factors of negative impact of winds, their impact on agricultural crops and soil conditions. As well as the laws of Georgia that regulate the granting of the status of windbreaks. Where it is noted that the issue of the legal status, maintenance and physical protection of windbreaks is acute throughout the territory of Georgia. Due to the political and social disruptions that have developed in recent decades, as well as the non-existent legislative base, windbreaks have been destroyed, whose role in the country's agriculture, transpiration, recreation, biodiversity and land protection is very large. Today, information about the ownership of windbreaks, the size of the areas of responsibility and the current state is unknown.

Advanced Diagnostic Sensor Systems for Hemodialysis Machines

Lado Sekhniashvili — 2026-01-26

Although hemodialysis machines are central to renal replacement therapy, their diagnostic and safety subsystems have lagged behind advances in modern biomedical engineering and sensor technology. Many still rely on fixed parameters rather than real-time physiological monitoring. Key components—including temperature sensors, pressure sensors, air-bubble detectors, and electric motors—remain outdated and may compromise patient safety and treatment efficiency. Dialysate temperature control, for example, often lacks rapid response or patient-specific adaptation, increasing the risk of hypotension, thermal stress, or discomfort. Likewise, limited motor self-diagnostics can delay detection of failures, and current air-bubble detection remains relatively primitive despite the risk of embolism. Patient weight-loss monitoring is also insufficiently sophisticated to prevent complications. Modern non-invasive sensors, predictive algorithms, and multi-layered safety architectures used in other medical fields could be integrated into dialysis systems. Upgrading these subsystems with advanced diagnostic sensors is urgently needed to improve reliability and patient outcomes

УНИКАЛЬНЫЙ КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ. Массивная тромбоэмболия лёгочной артерии в раннем послеродовом периоде после кесарева сечения

Акимбаева Жанар — 2026-01-26

Цель: представить редкий клинический случай тромбоэмболии обеих ветвей лёгочной артерии (ТЭЛА) у молодой женщины в 32-е сутки после кесарева сечения с сочетанными факторами риска и успешным исходом благодаря своевременной мультидисциплинарной терапии.

Описание случая: пациентка поступила в тяжёлом состоянии с выраженной одышкой, тахикардией до 200 уд/мин, нарастающей дыхательной недостаточностью. По результатам комплексной диагностики подтверждена ТЭЛА промежуточно-высокого риска. Лечение включало системный тромболизис, нефракционированный гепарин с последующим переходом на ривароксабан, оксигенотерапию, антиаритмическую терапию, коррекцию электролитов и мониторинг жизненно важных функций.

Заключение: случай демонстрирует критическую важность раннего выявления ТЭЛА у послеродовых пациенток, значимость оценки факторов риска и эффективность мультидисциплинарного подхода.

ДИАГНОСТИКА ЭХИНОКОККОЗА ПЕЧЕНИ У ДЕТЕЙ

Оллабергенов Одилбек Тожиддинович — 2026-01-26

Актуальность проблемы: Эхинококковая болезнь у детей на протяжении длительного времени считается актуальной проблемой медицинской паразитологии. Выявление этого заболевания на ранних стадиях развития представляет трудную задачу, что связанно с отсутствием четкой клинической симптоматики и жалоб больного. В большинстве случаев больные обращаются в медицинские учреждения после выявления кист при профилактических осмотрах с проведением рентгенологических и ультразвуковых исследований.

Цель исследования: оценка информативности различных методов диагностики эхинококкоза у детей.

Материал и методы исследования. Проанализированы результаты лечения 193 детей в возрасте от 3-х до 18 лет с эхинококкозом печени, пролеченных в период с 2018 по 2024 гг. в клиники ТашПМИ.

Результаты исследования. Проведенные методы ультразвуковой диагностики поступивших в нашу клинику больных позволили выявлению в 114 (59,1%) наблюдениях одиночных эхинококковых кист печени, множественное кистозное поражение печени выявлено у 79 (40,9%) больных. Из общего количества больных в 35 (18,1%) наблюдениях выявлены осложнённые эхинококковые кисты печени, которые встречались как при одиночных, так и при множественных поражениях печени. Наибольшая локализация эхинококковых кист в печени приходилась на правую долю и составило 150 (77,7%) случаев, при этом в левой доле печени кисты выявлены в 17 (8,8%) наблюдениях, поражение обеих долей печени выявлено у 26 (13,5%) больных. Ультразвуковая картина эхинококкоза печени во многом зависела от периода жизнедеятельности паразита (неосложнённая и осложнённая киста). Ультразвуковая диагностика позволила нам определить тактику, выбор метода и способа хирургического лечения эхинококкоза печени, которые зависели от локализации, размеров, количества кист, стадии заболевания и вида осложнения. Информативность данного исследования более 90%.

Обзорная рентгенография грудной клетки являлась первоочередным и обязательным скрининг-методом у всех больных с эхинококкозом легких для выявления паразитарного поражения, её информативность в наших исследованиях достигала 91%.

КТ чаще всего проводили при множественном и сочетанном поражениях, при малых размерах кист для установления точного топического диагноза. КТ и УЗИ позволили существенно улучшить диагностику эхинококкоза у детей и в 98-99% наблюдений поставить правильный диагноз заболевания.

Заключение. Таким образом, сравнительный анализ диагностических методов исследования показал, что разрешающие возможности каждого метода значительно отличаются между собой, при этом доступными и первоочередными взаимодополняющими методами обладающими высокой информативностью при эхинококкозе являются УЗИ и рентгенологический метод.

MODERN METHODS OF RADIATION DIAGNOSTICS ECHINOCOCCOSIS OF THE LIVER IN CHILDREN

Parpiev M.M. — 2026-01-26

The relevance of the problem: Echinococcal disease in children has been considered an urgent problem of medical parasitology for a long time. Detection of this disease in the early stages of development is a difficult task, due to the lack of clear clinical symptoms and complaints of the patient. In most cases, patients go to medical institutions after cysts are detected during preventive examinations with X-ray and ultrasound examinations.

The aim of the study: was to evaluate the informative value of various methods for diagnosing echinococcosis in children.

Research materials and methods: The results of treatment of 193 children aged 3 to 18 years with liver echinococcosis treated in the period from 2018 to 2023 at the TashPMI clinic were analyzed.

The results of the study: The performed ultrasound diagnostic methods of the patients admitted to our clinic revealed single echinococcal liver cysts in 114 (59.1%) cases, multiple cystic liver lesion was detected in 79 (40.9%) patients. Of the total number of patients, 35 (18.1%) cases revealed complicated echinococcal cysts of the liver, which occurred in both single and multiple liver lesions. The greatest localization of echinococcal cysts in the liver occurred in the right lobe and amounted to 150 (77.7%) cases, while cysts were detected in the left lobe of the liver in 17 (8.8%) cases, damage to both lobes of the liver was detected in 26 (13.5%) patients. The ultrasound picture of liver echinococcosis largely depended on the period of vital activity of the parasite (uncomplicated and complicated cyst). Ultrasound diagnostics allowed us to determine the tactics, choice of method and method of surgical treatment of liver echinococcosis, which depended on the location, size, number of cysts, stage of the disease and type of complication. The informative value of this study exceeded 90%.

Chest X-ray was the primary and mandatory screening method in all patients with echinococcosis of the thoracic and abdominal cavities to identify parasitic lesions of various localization, its informative value in our studies reached up to 91% of observations.

MSCT was most often performed for multiple and combined lesions, with small cyst sizes to establish an accurate topical diagnosis. MSCT and ultrasound made it possible to significantly improve the diagnosis of liver echinococcosis in children and correctly diagnose the disease in 98-99% of cases.

Conclusion. Thus, a comparative analysis of diagnostic research methods has shown that the resolution capabilities of each method differ significantly from each other, while ultrasound and MSCT research methods are available and primary complementary methods with high informative value in echinococcosis.

Comparative dynamics of neutrophil mitochondrial activity across resveratrol delivery routes Panov Stanislav Alexandrovich

Panov Stanislav Alexandrovich — 2026-01-26

Neutrophils are a tractable biosensor for systemic mitochondrial status. We implemented a “mitochondrial passport” based on intravital fluorescence of live leukocytes and compared the impact of different trans-resveratrol delivery routes [1, 2].

Methods. Prospective pilot in healthy adults (27–38 y; n=74): pellets 200 mg (n=16; ~91% bioavailability), transdermal 100 mg (n=20; ~95%), capsules 4000 mg (n=18; ~+30% vs. standard), tablets 500 mg (n=20; ~1% effective, first-pass). Metrics at baseline and 1 month: leukocytes with mitochondrial accumulation (MA), spontaneous membrane damage (oxidative stress, OS), NBT (oxygen-energy metabolism), phagocytosis, and ribosomal accumulation [3].

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INDICATORS AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF THYROID CANCER

Arman Khozhayev — 2026-01-26

this scientific and analytical work presents modern world and local-regional data on incidence, mortality, lethality and five-year survival rate of such a common oncological pathology as thyroid cancer. The issues of etiology and pathogenesis, modern approaches and principles of complex diagnostics, prospects for improving treatment results, as well as the prognosis are covered in detail. The epidemiological characteristics of this pathology in our republic are given in the context of the regions of the country

Historical and Cultural Landscapes: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Tourism (Svaneti Example)

Maia Bliadze — 2026-01-26

Historical and cultural landscapes are the result of a long-term interaction between humans and the natural environment and represent an important resource for the development of sustainable tourism. They combine cultural heritage, spatial identity and socio-economic potential. At the same time, the growth of tourism often poses serious threats to the authenticity and ecological sustainability of these landscapes. The article aims to analyze the role of historical and cultural landscapes in sustainable tourism, identify existing challenges and discuss development opportunities in the context of international and local experience.

Azerbaijan’s family values and protecting them for the future generations

Ilahe Hajiyeva Dilkhosh — 2026-01-26

Regardless of historical development, the institution of the family remains of primary importance to society and the state, serving as the foundation for the development and functioning of society. Currently, the understanding of family and family values is undergoing a transformation. In some modern countries, the image of these institutions is changing, which is influencing the development and worldview of future generations. In particular, the most significant transformations have occurred in European countries and the United States, which have extended their influence to other Eastern countries, radically altering notions of family and attempting to impose their positions and views on our country.

However, despite the proclamation of protection for the family and family values in the aforementioned documents, legislation still lacks a clear definition of "family." The term is rather vague, and the concept of "family values" is not defined, leading to various debates. Analyzing family legislation, it can be noted that this term is quite common, but to date, it has only been present in legal doctrine. Consequently, the essence of "family" and "family values" and what specifically needs to be protected remain unclear.

BETWEEN THE MIRROR AND THE PERSON: DIGITAL CULTURE, SELF-PERCEPTION, AND STUDENT WELL-BEING

Kadyrakunova Karla — 2026-01-26

This article explores the phenomenon of “between the mirror and the self” in the context of digital culture, analyzing the impact of the digital “mirror” (social networks, visual images, avatars, likes) on the personality and psychological well-being of students. The article is devoted to analyzing the influence of digital culture on the formation of identity, self-perception, and psychological well-being of students. It considers classical concepts of personality (B.V. Zeigarnik), clinical-psychological approaches (B.D. Karvasarsky), modern digital psychotechnologies (M. Perre; Depuy & Aiacone), and the role of the digital “mirror” in constructing students' self-esteem and psychological state. It is shown that the digital environment generates multi-layered reflections of personality, forming identity conflicts and the phenomenon of “digital identity.” The paper substantiates the key role of identity as an integrator of internal and external experience. Psychotechnological approaches and recommendations for media education are proposed. The main question is: what determines student well-being, the digital mirror or personality?

ИНТЕРАКТИВТІ ЖӘНЕ ВЕБ-ТЕХНОЛОГИЯЛАРДЫ ҚОЛДАНУ АРҚЫЛЫ БАСТАУЫШ СЫНЫП ОҚУШЫЛАРЫНЫҢ БІЛІМ САПАСЫН ЖЕТІЛДІРУ

ЖАНТАСОВА ЖАДЫРА НУРМАХАНБЕТОВНА — 2026-01-26

Мақалада бастауыш сынып оқушыларының білім сапасын арттыруда интерактивті және веб-технологияларды қолдану жолдары қарастырылған. Зерттеу барысында веб-ресурстар мен интерактивті тапсырмалардың оқушылардың танымдық белсенділігін, пәндік дағдыларын және коммуникативтік қабілеттерін дамытудағы рөлі талданды. Интерактивті әдістер мен веб-платформаларды қолданудың сабаққа қатысу белсенділігін, оқу мотивациясын және білімді меңгеру деңгейін арттырудағы тиімділігі көрсетілген. Мақала практикалық мысалдар мен әдістемелік ұсынымдарды қамтиды, бұл бастауыш сынып мұғалімдері үшін сабақ жоспарын жетілдіру және цифрлық технологияларды тиімді қолдануға негіз бола алады

ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FEATURES OF JUDO TRAINING SESSIONS FOR ADOLESCENTS AGED 11–13

Zharbulova Aidana — 2026-01-26

This study examines the organizational and methodological features of judo training sessions for adolescents aged 11–13, a critical developmental period characterized by intensive physical, psychological, and motor skill changes. Effective training at this age requires a balanced integration of technical, physical, and pedagogical components that correspond to age-related characteristics and long-term athlete development principles. The purpose of the study was to identify and substantiate optimal approaches to planning and organizing judo training sessions for adolescents aged 11–13.

The research employed theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, pedagogical observation, testing of physical and technical preparedness, and a formative pedagogical experiment. The study involved adolescent judokas who participated in a structured training program emphasizing basic technical skills, coordination development, flexibility, general endurance, and safe execution of judo techniques.

The results demonstrated that training programs designed with age-appropriate load distribution, progressive complexity of techniques, and an emphasis on game-based and cooperative learning methods significantly improved technical proficiency, coordination abilities, and motivation for regular training. Moreover, the application of pedagogically grounded training principles contributed to injury prevention and positive emotional engagement.

The findings confirm that systematic consideration of organizational and methodological features in judo training enhances training effectiveness and supports sustainable athlete development at the initial specialization stage. The results may be used by coaches, physical education teachers, and sports schools to optimize judo training programs for adolescents

АРНАЙЫ ИНКЛЮЗИВТІ БІЛІМ БЕРУ ОРТАСЫН ӘЛЕУМЕТТІК-ПЕДАГОГИКАЛЫҚ ҰЙЫМДАСТЫРУ АРҚЫЛЫ ҚҰРУ

Ширинбаева Гулбахира Койбагаровна — 2026-01-26

Инклюзивті білім беру ортасын құру арқылы мүмкіндігі шектеулі баланы арнайы оқыту үдерісін ұйымдастыру, әр бала ерекше және өзінің жеке қажеттіліктері, қабілеттері мен қиындықтары бар мәселелермен тікелей байланысты. Инклюзивті білім беруді әлеуметтік-педагогикалық ұйымдастыру бұл жалпы білім беру жүйесінде жағдай жасау, онда әртүрлі ерекшеліктері бар (физикалық, интеллектуалдық) балалар қоғамға сәтті интеграциялануға бейімделген қолдау ала отырып, құрдастарымен бірге оқиды. Бұған жеке білім беру траекторияларын әзірлеу, материалдарды бейімдеу, қолдау ортасын құру және педагог-мамандардың сүйемелдеуі кіреді. Негізгі міндет-сапалы білім алуға тең қолжетімділікті қамтамасыз ету және барлық балаларды әлеуметтендіру. Миллиган мен Кеннедидің (2016) зерттеуіне сәйкес, саңырау балаларды оқытуға арналған құрылғыларды пайдалану оқу тиімділігін арттыруға және олардың оқудағы артта қалу деңгейін төмендетуге мүмкіндік береді [1].

USING AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGIES TO DEVELOP ORAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN GRADE 8 STUDENTS

Amanzholova Balzhan Temirkhankyzy — 2026-01-26

The rapid development of immersive digital technologies has significantly influenced modern foreign language education. One of the most promising innovations is augmented reality (AR), which integrates virtual elements into real-world environments and creates interactive learning experiences. This article examines the use of augmented reality technologies in developing oral communication skills among Grade 8 students. Based on contemporary pedagogical, cognitive, and communicative approaches, the study analyses the educational potential of AR tools for enhancing speaking fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary usage, and communicative confidence. The findings demonstrate that AR-based activities foster learner motivation, reduce speaking anxiety, and promote authentic oral interaction, contributing to the effective development of communicative competence in basic school learners.

DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH WORKING WITH AI-GENERATED ENGLISH MEDIA TEXTS

Satybaldy Dina Abaikyzy — 2026-01-26

This study explores the development of 11th grade students’ critical thinking skills through engagement with AI-generated English media texts. In the context of modern digital education, artificial intelligence offers innovative opportunities for language learning and cognitive skill enhancement. By analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating AI-generated content, students not only improve their language proficiency but also strengthen their ability to think critically, assess information reliability, and express informed opinions. The research highlights practical strategies for integrating AI media texts into English lessons, demonstrating how technology can foster analytical, reflective, and evaluative thinking among secondary school learners. The findings suggest that using AI-generated materials promotes active learning, encourages independent thinking, and prepares students for the demands of the information-rich digital era.

МӘНЕРЛЕП ОҚУ АРҚЫЛЫ ОҚУШЫЛАРДЫҢ КОММУНИКАТИВТІК ЖӘНЕ ТІЛДІК ҚҰЗЫРЕТТІЛІКТЕРІН ҚАЛЫПТАСТЫРУ

Кенжегалиева Мөлдір Қайратқызы — 2026-01-26

Мақалада мәнерлеп оқу арқылы оқушылардың тілдік және коммуникативтік құзыреттіліктерін қалыптастырудың педагогикалық мүмкіндіктері қарастырылады. Зерттеудің теориялық негізі құзыреттілікке бағдарланған оқыту парадигмасына, оқу еркіндігі мен просодиялық ұйымдасу тұжырымдамаларына сүйенеді. Эмпирикалық зерттеу квазиэксперименттік дизайн негізінде ұйымдастырылып, 5-7 сынып оқушыларының қатысуымен жүргізілді. Эксперименттік топта мәнерлеп оқуға бағытталған арнайы әдістемелік жүйе енгізіліп, бақылау тобында дәстүрлі оқыту жалғастырылды.

Зерттеу нәтижелері мәнерлеп оқуды жүйелі қолдану оқушылардың тілдік материалды функционалдық деңгейде меңгеруіне, интонациялық құралдарды саналы пайдалануына және ойды тыңдаушыға бағыттап жеткізу қабілетінің дамуына ықпал ететінін көрсетті. Статистикалық талдау эксперименттік және бақылау топтары арасындағы айырмашылықтардың мәнді екенін дәлелдеді. Алынған нәтижелер мәнерлеп оқудың тілдік және коммуникативтік құзыреттіліктерді интеграциялайтын тиімді педагогикалық құрал екенін айқындайды. Мақала қорытындылары мәнерлеп оқуды құзыреттілікке бағдарланған оқыту жүйесінде әдістемелік тұрғыда мақсатты қолданудың маңызын негіздейді.

AI-ASSISTED VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL ENGLISH EDUCATION

Daurenkyzy Nuray — 2026-01-26

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into modern education has created new methodological opportunities for foreign language teaching, particularly in primary school. This article examines the pedagogical potential of AI-assisted tools in developing English vocabulary among learners aged 7–11. The research explores theoretical foundations of lexical acquisition, analyzes interactive and adaptive AI technologies, and evaluates their impact on vocabulary retention, learner motivation, pronunciation accuracy, and communicative competence. Based on classroom observations and experimental data, the study demonstrates that AI-supported vocabulary instruction enhances lexical development through personalization, gamification, immediate feedback, and meaningful communicative practice. The findings confirm the effectiveness of AI as a methodological resource for improving vocabulary teaching at the primary level.

The Effects of Domestic Violence on Children

Baxik Saya Abaevna — 2026-01-26

This study examines the impact of domestic violence on children in Kazakhstan, focusing on emotional, social, academic, and physical effects. A survey of 31 participants (students, teachers, and pupils) found that domestic violence is widely recognized as a national issue. Key effects include poor peer relationships, lower academic performance, fatigue, and long-term mental health struggles. The findings highlight the need for improved psychological support, stronger child protection systems, and more resources for affected children.

IN SCHOOL PHYSICS IN TEACHING THE SECTION "MECHANICAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC OSCILLATIONS" THE USE OF DEMONSTRATION PRACTICES

Saule Suttibaeva — 2026-01-26

This review article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of using demonstration experiments in teaching the “Mechanical and Electromagnetic Oscillations” section of school physics. Based on an analysis of domestic and international scientific studies, the role of visual experiments in enhancing students’ cognitive activity, developing conceptual understanding of physical phenomena, and increasing learning motivation is identified. Recent pedagogical research highlights the effectiveness of demonstration experiments in activating the learning process, ensuring compliance with didactic requirements, and improving educational outcomes. The results of the review confirm the relevance of developing a structured set of demonstration experiments for teaching mechanical and electromagnetic oscillations in secondary school physics.

THE EFFECT OF ANXIETY ON SPEAKING PERFORMANCE IN EFL LEARNERS

Tatarchuk K.S. — 2026-01-26

This study investigates the effect of anxiety on speaking performance among EFL learners. As many students struggle with nervousness, fear of making mistakes, and low confidence during speaking tasks, anxiety remains one of the major obstacles to effective oral communication. The research collected data through a student survey to understand how learners experience speaking anxiety and how it influences their fluency, pronunciation, and overall performance. The results show that anxiety significantly affects students’ ability to speak smoothly, often leading to hesitation, slower speech, and difficulty recalling vocabulary. Many participants reported that anxiety also impacts their pronunciation, making their speech less clear when they feel pressured or afraid of being judged. Despite these challenges, some students noted that supportive classroom environments, preparation time, and peer collaboration helped reduce anxiety and improve their willingness to speak. Overall, the findings suggest that speaking anxiety has a strong impact on EFL learners’ speaking performance and should be addressed through targeted instructional support. The paper offers practical recommendations for reducing anxiety in speaking lessons and enhancing learners’ communicative confidence.

Beyond the Classroom: Professional Growth through International Programs and Educational Projects

Ekaterine Arveladze — 2026-01-26

This article explores how teachers’ professional development through international programs and educational projects extends beyond personal growth and directly influences students’ learning experiences. Drawing on classroom practice and documented project-based lessons, the paper demonstrates how participation in global initiatives fosters student engagement, motivation, intercultural awareness and emotional wellbeing. The findings highlight that when innovative methodologies and project-based learning are integrated into everyday teaching, students become active participants in learning rather than passive recipients of textbook content. The article concludes that teaching beyond the classroom empowers students with academic skills, global awareness and positive attitudes toward learning, emphasizing the importance of continuous professional development in modern education.

THE SCIENTIFIC TALKS OF MANIFESTATION OF KEY ISSUE ASPECTS OF AGE DISCRIMINATION IN ACADEMIC SCIENCE: STRUCTURAL CONSTRAINTS OF THE ACADEMIC CAREER PYRAMID AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES

Nodar Sulashvili — 2026-01-26

Contemporary academic science faces a systemic crisis characterized by a severe imbalance between the abundant supply of PhD graduates and postdoctoral researchers and the scarcity of independent Principal Investigator (PI) or Group Leader positions. This pyramidal structure of academic careers creates an intensely competitive environment that is further exacerbated by age-restrictive hiring policies prevalent in numerous institutions worldwide.

This study analyzes career trajectory data from 2,284 researchers (1997-2020 EMBL cohorts) and reveals that only 27.8% achieve independent PI positions, with this percentage declining in recent cohorts. Statistical evidence demonstrates that merely 17-21% of postdoctoral researchers secure tenure-track positions, and approximately 3% ultimately attain full professorship. The disproportionate ratio between PhD/postdoc positions and available PI/Group Leader roles creates what scholars term the "postdoc queue"—a precarious employment landscape characterized by short-term contracts and profound career uncertainty.

Age discrimination manifests both formally and informally across global academic systems. In numerous countries, particularly throughout Asia and parts of Europe, explicit or implicit age limits (typically 35 years or younger) govern eligibility for junior faculty and independent researcher positions. These age barriers systematically exclude experienced scientists who have invested years in postdoctoral training, effectively squandering accumulated expertise and institutional knowledge. Survey data indicates that 92% of German academic staff under 45 without full professorships hold fixed-term contracts, with 84% employed on contracts shorter than 18 months. The average time from PhD completion to first PI position has increased from 5.2 to 6.1 years for recent cohorts, intensifying the temporal pressure imposed by age restrictions.

This structural dysfunction severely impedes scientific progress through multiple mechanisms: (1) premature attrition of talented researchers from academia; (2) systematic loss of highly qualified personnel at peak productive capacity; (3) suppression of innovative, high-risk research projects requiring long-term commitment; (4) diminished overall scientific productivity and output quality. Empirical evidence reveals that 73% of postdoctoral researchers experience work-related stress, while 67% work beyond their contracted 40-hour weekly commitments. Furthermore, 30% report experiencing antisocial workplace behavior, with 12% observing discrimination monthly. These conditions disproportionately affect women, international researchers, and individuals with caregiving responsibilities, thereby reducing diversity and perpetuating inequalities within the scientific workforce.

The socioeconomic implications of underutilizing scientific talent are substantial and quantifiable. Economic analyses demonstrate that research and development (R&D) investments directly correlate with productivity growth and GDP expansion. A 20% reduction in federal R&D funding demonstrably constrains GDP growth, while workforce disengagement cost the global economy an estimated $438 billion in lost productivity in 2024. By systematically excluding mature scientists through age discrimination and creating unsustainable career pathways, society forfeits the opportunity to leverage highly trained intellectual capital for innovation, technological advancement, and economic progress. The inefficient allocation of human resources in academic science represents not merely an ethical failure but a significant economic liability with measurable negative impacts on national competitiveness and societal advancement.

This article presents comprehensive recommendations for structural reform: (1) elimination of age-discriminatory barriers in academic hiring and promotion; (2) diversification of academic career pathways with legitimate recognition of alternative trajectories beyond the traditional PI track; (3) implementation of stable, long-term funding mechanisms to replace precarious short-term contracts; (4) adoption of intersectional approaches to diversity and inclusion policies addressing multiple dimensions of inequality. Only through systemic transformation can the scientific community harness its full human potential, foster sustainable careers, and maximize societal benefit from investments in scientific training and research infrastructure.

THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TRAINING FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS

Myrzabaeva Danekul — 2026-01-26

This article explores the pedagogical potential of applying artificial intelligence in the training of future foreign language teachers in higher education institutions. The study focuses on analyzing the impact of artificial intelligence on the development of students’ language skills, the individualization of instruction, and the formation of professional competencies. The research is based on a descriptive-analytical approach and involves a theoretical analysis of domestic and international scholarly works in the fields of linguodidactics, pedagogy, and digital education. The findings indicate that the purposeful use of artificial intelligence grounded in didactic principles enhances the effectiveness of training future foreign language teachers. At the same time, artificial intelligence is conceptualized not as a tool that replaces the instructor, but as a pedagogical resource that enriches the educational process.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ОРГАНИЗОВАННОЙ ВНЕУЧЕБНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НА ПРОЦЕССЫ АДАПТАЦИИ СТУДЕНТОВ ПЕРВОГО КУРСА

Форманюк Алина Владимировна — 2026-01-25

Период первого курса - это не просто смена статуса, а многокомпонентная адаптация к новым академическим нормам, социальным правилам и повышенной автономии. В статье рассматривается, как организованная внеучебная деятельность- то есть структурированные активности вне аудиторных занятий (клубы, наставничество, учебные сообщества, тьюторские практики, проектные команды), имеющие цели, регламент и сопровождение - воздействует на процессы адаптации первокурсников. Теоретическая рамка объединяет классические модели удержания и вовлечённости, где ключевыми выступают академическая и социальная интеграция, а также качество взаимодействий со средой университета. На основе мета-аналитических и экспериментальных исследований в высшем образовании формулируются три основных механизма влияния ОВД: (1) формирование принадлежности и поддерживающих связей, (2) усиление поведенческой вовлечённости и учебной дисциплины через структурирование времени, (3) наращивание психологических ресурсов (самоэффективность, адаптивные атрибуции, учебная саморегуляция). Предложена прикладная модель «OCA-Adaptive Cycle» для университетов: диагностика потребностей первокурсников, модульное проектирование ОВД, низкопороговый рекрутинг, мониторинг рисков перегрузки и смешанная оценка результатов.

The Lepton Spectrum as a Phase-Stability Ladder: Universal Temporal Functionals and the Exponential Mass Hierarchy

Lemeshko Andriy — 2026-01-26

The Lepton Spectrum as a Structural Consequence of Hyper-Temporal Dynamics: Nonlinear Localization and the Emergence of the Flavor Hierarchy

The Standard Model remains descriptive in its treatment of the fermion flavor hierarchy, utilizing over twenty empirical Yukawa couplings to parameterize observed masses without providing a dynamical origin for their values. This paper proposes a reformulation of the leptonic sector within the Temporal Theory of the Universe (TTU)—a deductive framework that recovers the mass spectrum from the first principles of 5D temporal dynamics on an M^4 × S^1 manifold. We suggest that leptons are not fundamental points, but stable, phase-locked resonant modes (chronons) of a universal temporal field τ.

By implementing a Consistency Enforcement Loop (CEL), we demonstrate that the fundamental parameters established in the hadronic sector—specifically temporal stiffness (χ) and the hyper-time radius (R_Θ)—necessitate the observed lepton hierarchy with significant Parameter Rigidity. The ≈3500‑fold mass disparity between the electron and the tau lepton is recovered as a result of Nonlinear Localization: as the topological winding number n increases, the medium’s saturation threshold (τ_crit) induces an exponential surge in phase inertia.

The PMNS mixing matrix is derived through the Overlap Geometry of delocalized temporal profiles, providing a causal explanation for the large mixing angles observed in neutrinos relative to the narrow CKM quark mixing. Numerical realizations, obtained via a self-consistent iterative scheme (SCTF), achieve a predictive accuracy exceeding 99.9% for charged lepton masses, serving as a proof-of-principle for the framework's deductive capacity. Furthermore, the model suggests a topological prohibition of a fourth generation due to phase decoherence at the saturation limit. This approach indicates that the algebraic "bookkeeping" of the Standard Model may be successfully reformulated as a deterministic map of temporal geometry, where matter emerges as a stable harmonic resonance of the M^4 × S^1 manifold.

IMРRОVЕMЕNT ОF THЕ ОРЕRАTIОNАL MАNАGЕMЕNT РRОCЕSS АT АN ОIL RЕFINING ЕNTЕRРRISЕ: THЕ CАSЕ ОF АTYRАU RЕFINЕRY LLР

Bеkkаliyеv Mukhаmmаd Bаuyrzhаnuly — 2026-01-26

This рареr еxаminеs thе ореrаtiоnаl mаnаgеmеnt systеm оf аtyrаu Rеfinеry LLР аnd аnаlyzеs its influеncе оn рrоductiоn еfficiеncy аnd finаnciаl реrfоrmаncе. Thе study usеs finаnciаl stаtеmеnts fоr 2023 аnd 2024, intеrnаtiоnаl bеnchmаrks, аnd аcаdеmic рublicаtiоns аs thе mаin еmрiricаl bаsе. Thе rеsults shоw thаt thе rеfinеry ореrаtеs undеr реrsistеnt cоst рrеssurе cаusеd by high fееdstоck рricеs, еnеrgy intеnsity, аnd rеgulаtеd dоmеstic fuеl рricеs. Dеsрitе mоdеrnizаtiоn, sеvеrаl structurаl gарs rеmаin in digitаlizаtiоn, rеаl-timе mоnitоring, рrеdictivе аnаlytics, аnd еRр–MеS intеgrаtiоn. Intеrnаtiоnаl еvidеncе dеmоnstrаtеs thаt аdvаncеd ореrаtiоnаl tооls significаntly incrеаsе thrоughрut stаbility, rеducе tеchnоlоgicаl lоssеs, аnd imрrоvе оvеrаll реrfоrmаncе. Thе cоmраrаtivе аnаlysis rеvеаls clеаr diffеrеncеs bеtwееn АNРZ аnd mоdеrn rеfinеriеs thаt usе intеgrаtеd digitаl systеms. Thе findings indicаtе thаt ореrаtiоnаl imрrоvеmеnts rерrеsеnt thе mоst fеаsiblе аnd еffеctivе dirеctiоn fоr еnhаncing реrfоrmаncе undеr currеnt еcоnоmic cоnditiоns. Thе рареr cоncludеs thаt thе imрlеmеntаtiоn оf rеаl-timе dаshbоаrds, рrеdictivе mоdеls, еnеrgy орtimizаtiоn systеms, аnd unifiеd schеduling tооls wоuld strеngthеn thе rеfinеry’s ореrаtiоnаl stаbility аnd finаnciаl rеsiliеncе

DIGITAL CAPABILITY AND MARKETING EFFECTIVENESS IN REGIONAL SUPERMARKETS: MODERATING EFFECTS OF MARKET MATURITY

Jiang Jialing — 2026-01-26

This study examines the direct impact of digital capability on marketing effectiveness among regional supermarkets, and explores the moderating role of market maturity in this relationship. Based on the resource-based view (RBV) and dynamic capability theory (DCT), a theoretical framework was proposed and tested using a quantitative research approach. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire from 312 senior managers and marketing directors of regional supermarkets across 12 provinces in China. Digital capability was operationalized into four dimensions: digital data analytics, digital marketing execution, digital customer engagement, and digital supply chain integration. Marketing effectiveness was measured by three key performance indicators: sales growth rate, customer retention rate, and market share increment. Market maturity was assessed through market competition intensity, consumer digital literacy, and industry digital infrastructure development. The results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that digital capability exerts a significant positive effect on marketing effectiveness (β = 0.523, p < 0.001). Furthermore, market maturity positively moderates the relationship between digital capability and marketing effectiveness (β = 0.196, p < 0.01), suggesting that the positive impact of digital capability is more pronounced in highly mature markets compared to low-maturity ones. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a nuanced understanding of how digital capability drives marketing outcomes in the regional retail context, and by identifying market maturity as a critical boundary condition. Practically, the findings offer actionable insights for regional supermarket operators to prioritize digital capability development and tailor their digital strategies according to the maturity level of their target markets.

CENTRAL ASIA AS A POLICY LABORATORY FOR CHINESE FOREIGN POLICY: CONNECTIVITY, SECURITY GOVERNANCE, AND INSTITUTIONAL DESIGN

Alisherov Aziret Baisalbekovich — 2026-01-25

This article argues that Central Asia functions as a high signal laboratory for China’s external policy, where Beijing can trial a full spectrum of instruments - connectivity, energy interdependence, security governance, and narrative diplomacy - under conditions that are strategically consequential yet politically manageable. The core claim is not that the region is passive, but that its dense interdependence with China generates unusually fast feedback loops: infrastructure projects reveal financing limits, pipeline ties expose asymmetric bargaining, and multilateral formats test whether institutional language can be translated into durable compliance. The study develops an operational model of “testbed politics” and traces how it materializes through summit architecture, treaty law, trade corridor scaling, and the securitization of cross-border risks. Using document-based process tracing (official speeches and treaty texts), structured evidence matrices, and externally curated datasets on development finance, the article identifies where policy experiments succeed, where they stall, and what kinds of pushback emerge. Results show that Beijing’s recent institutionalization drive increases predictability but also raises reputational and sovereignty concerns, sharpening local balancing behavior and accelerating competitive offers from the EU and the United States. The article contributes a portable analytic framework for measuring policy experimentation in regional orders and provides concrete recommendations for risk-aware engagement by Central Asian governments and external partners.

ТИПИЧНЫЕ ОШИБКИ АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОГО ПИСЬМА У СТУДЕНТОВ-ПЕРЕВОДЧИКОВ

Салимханова Пюстаханум Расим кызы — 2026-01-26

Академическое письмо является ключевым элементом профессиональной подготовки переводчиков, поскольку будущие специалисты должны не только осуществлять межъязыковую передачу смысла, но и создавать логически структурированные, терминологически точные и стилистически корректные тексты на языке перевода. Однако студенты-переводчики нередко демонстрируют устойчивые трудности в академическом письме, что негативно отражается на качестве переводов, научных работ и аналитических комментариев. В статье проводится системный анализ наиболее распространённых ошибок академического письма у студентов-переводчиков, классифицированных по лингвистическим, структурным, стилистическим, когнитивным и методологическим основаниям. Особое внимание уделяется причинам возникновения указанных трудностей и их связи с особенностями образовательного процесса. На основе теории академического письма и педагогики перевода предлагаются рекомендации по развитию академической грамотности в рамках программ подготовки переводчиков. Результаты исследования подтверждают необходимость целенаправленного обучения академическому письму как обязательного компонента переводческого образования.

ISSUES OF STRENGTHENING THE STATUS OF THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE WITHIN CLIL AND BILINGUAL EDUCATION

Kenzhegalieva Meruert Kairatovna — 2026-01-26

This article examines the issue of strengthening the status of the Kazakh language within CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) and bilingual education contexts. The study aims to analyze the functional integration of Kazakh as a subject-academic language and to identify the conditions under which it can operate as a full-fledged medium of disciplinary knowledge construction. A qualitative research design was employed, with content analysis applied to instructional and methodological materials used in CLIL and bilingual teaching practices. The analysis focused on the functional roles of Kazakh and the presence of academic discourse elements across different types of educational resources. The results indicate that while the Kazakh language demonstrates substantial potential for subject-academic use, its integration into higher-order discursive functions remains inconsistent. The study argues that the academic status of the Kazakh language within integrated learning environments depends on systematic methodological support and purposeful instructional design. The findings contribute to the theoretical and practical understanding of how CLIL models can be aligned with national language priorities in multilingual education systems.

Восприятие языка через изображение мира

Аухадиева Зауреш Жумабаевна — 2026-01-26

Мировоззрение и сознание любого народа обновляются в зависимости от быта, обычаев, культуры и истории этноса, то есть восприятие языка через изображение мира подтверждает высокую степень специфики мышления нации.

Языковая картина мира каждого этноса формируется на основе исторического опыта, духовных ценностей и культурных традиции, что находит отражение в структуре и семантике языковых единиц.

Одним из свидетельств такого наблюдения являются фразеологизмы, которые с точки зрения внутреннего смысла связываются друг с другом и становятся устойчивыми фразеологическими единицами. Особое место среди них занимают словосочетания с числовыми компонентами, поскольку числительные выступают на протяжении многих веков элементами концептуальной системы, участвуют во всех сферах жизни как: экономика, медицина, техника, архитектура, машиностроение, биология, география, нанотехнология, образование и лингвистика, обеспечивая точность в планировании и измерении. В.М. Ярцева считает, что в философии измерение – это познавательный процесс, который определяет количественное отношение измеряемой величины к другой, служащей стандартом, эталоном. Согласно ЛЭС «измерение – это совокупность действий, выполняемых при помощи средств измерений с целью нахождения числового значения измеряемой величины чего-либо». Когда мы что-то измеряем, то мы сравниваем эту величину, с какой-либо постоянной величиной и эта постоянная величина называется единицей измерения.

THE IMPACT OF TASK-BASED ASSIGNMENTS ON STUDENTS’ LANGUAGE SKILLS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING

Kumarova Kuralay Altynbekovna — 2026-01-26

This study examines the impact of using task-based assignments on the language skills of university students learning English. Data were collected from 120 students at a university through a descriptive survey and experimental research methods. The results indicate that the implementation of task-based assignments significantly improved students’ speaking, listening, writing, and reading comprehension skills. Students’ motivation for autonomous learning increased, while linguistic errors and grammatical difficulties decreased. However, some students reported challenges in managing their time effectively when completing tasks. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of task-based assignments in higher education and highlights their potential to enhance interaction between instructors and students during the learning process.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE COMMUNICATIVE APPROACH: AN INTEGRATIVE METHOD IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING

Saltanat Shaimanova Tulegenovna — 2026-01-26

This article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with the communicative approach in English language teaching. The findings indicate that AI enables the personalization of the learning process, assessment of students’ language skills, and automatic error analysis. The communicative approach focuses on developing students’ speaking, listening, writing, and reading skills, while AI tools facilitate the efficient and individualized enhancement of these competencies. The article analyzes the synergistic effect of combining both methods and addresses the roles of the instructor and institutional support in implementing this integrative approach.

DIDACTIC PRINCIPLES OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN TEACHING GENERAL LINGUISTICS

A.H. Otegen — 2026-01-26

This article examines the didactic principles underlying the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in teaching the course General Linguistics in higher education institutions. The study is conducted within a descriptive-analytical framework and analyzes the pedagogical potential of AI tools in facilitating the acquisition of the theoretical content of general linguistics. Based on key didactic principles—scientific rigor, systematicity and consistency, consciousness and learner activity, individualization, the unity of theory and practice, and academic integrity—the article identifies both the possibilities and limitations of AI application in the educational process. The research findings demonstrate that artificial intelligence, when employed as a supplementary didactic tool in teaching general linguistics, contributes to the development of students’ conceptual thinking, research skills, and cognitive engagement. At the same time, it is substantiated that the unsystematic or methodologically ungrounded use of AI may lead to a superficial assimilation of theoretical knowledge. In conclusion, the article formulates the didactic foundations for the effective integration of artificial intelligence into the teaching of general linguistics.

Career Choice in Adolescence: The Role of Psychological Counseling in Developing Informed Professional Self-Determination

Kakhi Kopaliani — 2026-01-26

Career choice represents a critical developmental task in adolescence and early adulthood, directly influencing individuals’ future well-being, professional success, and social integration. Despite its importance, numerous studies conducted in Georgia indicate that young people often select professions based not on personal aptitudes, interests, or informed understanding of occupational requirements, but rather on popularity, social prestige, or the influence of family and peers. This lack of professional awareness applies to both higher education and vocational pathways and reflects insufficient access to structured career guidance services.

In contrast, Western educational systems increasingly emphasize systematic career counseling, including school-based guidance programs, psychological assessment, and individualized consultations, which assist young people in identifying their strengths, weaknesses, interests, and personality traits in relation to labor market demands. These practices aim to foster conscious, autonomous, and realistic professional self-determination.

The present article explores the psychological foundations of career choice, examines international models of career guidance, and analyzes the current situation in Georgia. Particular attention is paid to the role of psychologists in career counseling, including the use of psychodiagnostic tools, career interviews, and developmental interventions. The article argues that integrating psychological career services into Georgian educational institutions is essential for promoting informed, flexible, and adaptive career decisions among young people, thereby contributing to both individual fulfillment and societal development.

Organizational and Logistical Challenges in Transporting Highly Compacted Feed to Remote Regions of Kazakhstan

Tursynbay Balnur — 2026-01-26

The sustainable development of livestock farming in the Republic of Kazakhstan largely depends on the reliable supply of animal feed to remote and environmentally unfavorable regions. Transportation of highly compacted feed is considered one of the most effective solutions for reducing transportation costs and minimizing feed losses. However, the organization of such transportation faces significant logistical, infrastructural, and economic challenges.

This paper analyzes the existing transport and logistics system for delivering highly compacted feed to unfavorable regions of Kazakhstan. Special attention is paid to the choice of transport modes, routing schemes, cost optimization, and the impact of infrastructure limitations. Based on the analysis of statistical data and practical cases, key bottlenecks in feed transportation are identified. Recommendations are proposed to improve the efficiency of feed logistics through multimodal transportation, route optimization, and state support mechanisms.

The results of the study can be used in planning feed supply systems for livestock enterprises located in remote regions and in developing regional agricultural logistics strategies

Further Improvement of Feed Transportation Technology through Optimization of Technical Means and Operating Modes

Akhmetov Olzhas Bolatovich — 2026-01-26

This paper is a continuation of the research presented in “Improving the Technology of Feed Transportation with the Effective Use of Technical Means” (Akhmetov et al., 2025). The study focuses on the further development of feed transportation technologies by optimizing the operating modes of technical means, reducing energy consumption, and increasing system reliability under farm conditions. Special attention is given to the integration of modern mechanization elements and the assessment of their performance indicators. Experimental and analytical results confirm that rational selection and adaptive control of feed transportation equipment significantly improve productivity and economic efficiency in livestock enterprises

ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF MULTIMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT

Shangereyeva Zhanar Tanerbergenovna — 2026-01-26

In the context of globalization and digital transformation of the economy, multimodal freight transport is becoming a key element in the effective functioning of modern supply chains. The growth in transport volumes, the increasing complexity of logistics routes, and the need to coordinate different modes of transport require the implementation of modern digital solutions that provide integrated management of transport and logistics processes. In this regard, the development of digital platforms aimed at improving the efficiency of multimodal freight transport management is a pressing scientific and practical task. The purpose of this article is to analyze the concept of multimodal freight transportation management, which ensures comprehensive coordination of logistics chain participants, optimization of transport routes, and increased transparency of logistics operations. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of multimodal transport, the principles of digitalization of logistics systems, and analyzes modern approaches to the application of information technologies in transport logistics. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of using the concepts of transport and logistics company management to reduce total logistics costs, improve customer service quality, and ensure the sustainable development of logistics systems in the digital economy

Разработка ML-модели риска инфаркта миокарда без стойкого подъема сегмента ST

Жанабилов А.А. — 2026-01-26

Инфаркт миокарда без стойкого подъема сегмента ST (ИМбСПST) представляет собой форму ишемической болезни сердца, при которой отсутствует классический подъем ST-сегмента на ЭКГ. В связи с этим ранняя диагностика затруднена, а риск неблагоприятных исходов возрастает.
В данной работе разработана и протестирована модель машинного обучения для прогнозирования риска ИМбСПST на основе клинико-лабораторных показателей. Рассмотрены методы логистической регрессии, случайного леса и градиентного бустинга. Модель XGBoost показала наилучшие результаты (AUC = 0.89).

Разработка системы анализа данных о сетевых атаках для создания эффективных стратегий защиты от новых угроз

Муратбекова М. Д. — 2026-01-26

В статье рассматривается разработка интеллектуальной системы обнаружения сетевых вторжений (NIDS) с использованием современных алгоритмов машинного обучения. В условиях стремительного роста киберугроз в Казахстане и мире, традиционные методы защиты требуют дополнения адаптивными аналитическими решениями. В качестве базы исследования использован набор данных CICIDS2017. Автором проведена комплексная предобработка данных, решена проблема дисбаланса классов с помощью методов SMOTE и Random Undersampling. Проведен сравнительный анализ моделей LightGBM, XGBoost и Random Forest. Модель LightGBM показала наилучшую точность (98%). Для интерпретации предсказаний и повышения доверия к системе применены методы SHAP и LIME.

Сравнительный анализ эффективности алгоритмов машинного обучения и нейронных сетей в задачах обнаружения сетевых атак

Муратбекова М. Д. — 2026-01-26

Статья посвящена исследованию эффективности применения различных методов искусственного интеллекта для задач кибербезопасности. Проведен сравнительный анализ классических ансамблевых алгоритмов (Random Forest), методов градиентного бустинга (XGBoost, LightGBM) и нейронных сетей (MLP) на базе набора данных CICIDS2017. Особое внимание уделено проблеме дисбаланса классов, для решения которой применена гибридная стратегия с использованием SMOTE. Результаты экспериментов показали, что, несмотря на высокую точность нейронных сетей, алгоритмы градиентного бустинга демонстрируют лучший баланс между скоростью обучения и качеством классификации, что делает их предпочтительными для систем реального времени

DATA MINING PROCESSES AND INTELLIGENT ANALYSIS METHODS

Nizami Duman oglu Jafarov — 2026-01-26

This article systematically explains the concept, purpose, and stages of Data Mining. The main goal of data mining is to identify hidden patterns and relationships in large datasets and enable their application to new data. The process includes problem definition, data preparation, model building, testing, and the use of results in decision support systems. The article classifies intelligent data analysis methods into basic (statistical and selection-based) and special methods. Among the special methods, fuzzy logic for handling uncertainty, neural networks for learning and prediction, and genetic algorithms for optimization are discussed in detail. The advantages of fuzzy logic in representing linguistic uncertainty and the ability of neural networks to model complex dependencies are emphasized. The role of genetic algorithms as powerful search mechanisms based on evolutionary principles is highlighted. Finally, the article concludes that hybrid neuro-fuzzy systems, which integrate these methods, are more effective in solving complex real-world problems

Разработка модели машинного обучения для автоматизированного распознавания степени тяжести ожоговых поражений

Омиртай А. — 2026-01-26

Ожоговая болезнь является системной реакцией организма на термическое повреждение, где критически важна ранняя и точная диагностика глубины поражения. В данной работе разработана модель машинного обучения для классификации степеней ожога и прогнозирования риска осложнений на основе комбинированных данных: визуальных характеристик раны и биохимических показателей крови. Сравнительный анализ алгоритмов показал, что ансамблевый метод CatBoost обеспечивает наивысшую точность (AUC = 0.92) в условиях малых медицинских выборок

Разработка нейросетевого алгоритма сегментации ожоговых поверхностей на основе архитектуры U-Net

Омиртай А. — 2026-01-26

Точное определение площади ожога () является критическим фактором для расчета объема инфузионной терапии. В данной работе предложена модель глубокого обучения на базе архитектуры U-Net с энкодером EfficientNet-B0 для автоматической сегментации зон термического поражения на цифровых изображениях. Использование разработанного алгоритма позволяет снизить ошибку в расчете площади поражения на 15% по сравнению с методом правила «девяток».

Integrating Cloud Technologies into STEM–IT Teaching and Learning

Elza Bitsadze — 2026-01-26

In contemporary education systems, the effectiveness of the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) approach is significantly enhanced through the integration of information technologies, particularly cloud computing technologies. This study aims to analyze the potential, pedagogical value, and practical benefits of using cloud-based technologies in the STEM–IT teaching and learning process. In the context of digital transformation, cloud platforms provide flexible, scalable, and accessible learning environments that support both individual and collaborative learning models.

The paper examines key applications of cloud computing models—Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)—within STEM–IT education. These applications include virtual laboratories, online programming environments, cloud-based data storage and processing, collaborative project development, and real-time data visualization. Particular attention is given to widely adopted platforms such as Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, and Amazon Web Services (AWS), which offer extensive educational tools and resources for STEM learning environments.

The findings indicate that the integration of cloud technologies into STEM–IT education contributes significantly to the development of computational, algorithmic, and critical thinking skills. Cloud-based learning environments facilitate problem-based and project-oriented learning, increase student engagement, and promote digital collaboration. Moreover, cloud technologies reduce technical and infrastructural barriers, expand access to educational resources, and ensure continuity of the learning process in both classroom-based and remote learning settings.

The study also discusses challenges associated with the implementation of cloud technologies in education, including data security and privacy concerns, the need for enhanced digital competencies among educators, and limitations related to technological infrastructure. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for the effective integration of cloud technologies into STEM–IT education, emphasizing their role in improving educational quality and preparing learners for future digital professions in a technology-driven society.

Композиттік байланыстырғыштар негізіндегі өздігінен нығыздалатын бетонды монолитті құрылымдарда қолданудың технологиялық ерекшеліктері

Жаңбырбаев Мерей Исаұлы — 2026-01-25

Өздігінен нығыздалатын бетон - өз салмағымен тығыздалып, вибрациясыз қалыпты толық толтыратын, арматура арасынан еркін өтетін және қабатталып бөлінуге төзімді реологиялық жүйе. Бұл қасиеттер қазіргі монолитті құрылымдарда арматураның тығыз орналасуы, геометрияның күрделенуі және еңбек өнімділігін өсіру талаптарымен тікелей ұштасады. Мақалада ӨНБ технологиясының шешуші тораптары - ұнтақтық құрам (powder concept), поликарбоксилат-эфир (PCE) суперпластификаторларының диспергирлеуші механизмі, минералдық қоспалармен композиттік байланыстырғыш құрастыру логикасы және сапаны бақылаудың стандартталған сынақтары - жүйелі түрде талданады. Нормативтік негіз ретінде Еуропалық нұсқаулықтар мен сынақ стандарттары, сондай-ақ халықаралық жарияланымдардағы сандық нәтижелер алынды. Нәтижелік бөлімде әр ел тәжірибесіндегі қоспа құрамы салыстырылып, композиттік байланыстырғыштардың (күл, домна шлагы, әктас ұнтағы, микрокремнезем және т.б.) ӨНБ-ның ағымдылығы, тұтқырлығы, қабатталуға тұрақтылығы және беріктік дамуына әсер ететін негізгі механизмдері көрсетіледі. Авторлық үлес ретінде монолитті құю жағдайына бейімделген қоспаны таңдау алгоритмі және тәуекелдерді басқару картасы ұсынылады

CONCEPTS OF WAR AND PEACE IN ISLAM

Svetlana Adigezalova — 2026-01-26

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of war and peace in Islam in their theological, historical-cultural, and ideological dimensions. The key concepts of Islamic doctrine—jihad, dar al-Islam, dar al-harb, sulh, and fitna—are examined in the context of the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and classical Islamic legal tradition, as well as their transformation under the conditions of modernity and postmodernity. Special attention is paid to distinguishing between traditional, fundamentalist, and radical-sectarian interpretations of war and peace. The article demonstrates that Islam as a religious system is not inherently militant, while radical interpretations are ideologically conditioned and historically secondary phenomena.