MODERN 3D BIOPRINTING TECHNOLOGIES: METHODS, BIOPHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PROSPECTS IN MEDICINE

Abstract

3D bioprinting is a process that creates three-dimensional biological structures such as tissues and organs using a specialized 3D printer. The printer deposits bio-inks, which are composed of living cells, growth factors, and biocompatible materials, in precise patterns to support cell growth and tissue development. This process is different from traditional 3D printing because it is designed to integrate with living systems, rather than using plastics or metals. 3D bioprinting has a significant impact on biomedical research and industry. It allows for the industrialization of tissue biofabrication, which has the potential to revolutionize the field of regenerative medicine. It can help overcome the shortage of organs for transplantation by creating new tissues and organs. This review covers the fundamental principles, materials, integration approaches, and uses of bioprinting. We also examine recent innovations, existing obstacles, and prospects of 3D bioprinting for complex tissue engineering.