SELECTION OF PERSPECTIVE VARIETIES OF WHEAT ACCORDING TO PHENOTYPIC INDICATORS

Abstract

Wheat accounts for about 30% of world grain production and grain reserves [1,2]. The harvest of wheat affects the overall world economy. With the increasing world population and the frequent occurrence of extreme weather conditions caused by climate change, ensuring adequate wheat production is essential for food security. The architecture of the inflorescence plays a crucial role in determining the number and size of grains, which is a key trait for yield improvement. Recent advances in wheat genomics have improved the understanding of the of wheat ear development and its application in breeding practices. Plant breeders are striving to develop improved varieties based on phenotypic measures of yield and grain quality data, with the expectation that stable yields will be maintained under a variety of environmental conditions [3]. Efforts to develop varieties that combine resistance to unfavorable biotic and abiotic factors with high yields have remained relevant for many years