New Opportunities and Challenges in the China-Europe Express Railway under the Belt and Road Initiative: Logistics Cooperation Between China and Europe

Abstract

This article explores the new opportunities and challenges presented by the China-Europe Express Railway within the framework of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), focusing on how it reshapes logistics cooperation between China and Europe. The study adopts a mixed-method approach, combining policy analysis, trade statistics, and a real-world case study of Duisport in Germany, a central logistics hub for China-Europe rail freight. Findings reveal that while the China-Europe Express Railway has significantly enhanced intercontinental logistics efficiency and trade integration, it faces geopolitical tensions, infrastructure disparities, and regulatory fragmentation hurdles. The paper concludes by discussing policy recommendations to ensure the sustainable development of the rail corridor