The history of the establishment of Oriental studies in Europe

Abstract

After the renaissance period, Western powers' foreign expansion and attempts to acquire new lands naturally accelerated the process of research and exploration around the world. During this period, the study of the rich and mysterious East became a priority for European states. Thousands of researchers, missionary groups and individuals came to Eastern countries during the historical period from the campaigns of Alexander the Great and from the time of the Ancient Roman Empire to Marco Polo, from the Crusades to the Industrial Revolution, and conducted research in various directions. At the end of the 18th century, these studies became systematic, and as a result, a new science called Oriental Studies was formed. The first institute was founded in Paris in 1795 at the Ecole des Langues Orientales Vivantes (Nusimovici, 2018). Later, such institutions began to be formed in other large cities of Europe - Moscow, London, Berlin. In the beginning, Turkology, aimed at studying the languages, culture, and ethnic diversity of the Turkic peoples, over time has contributed to the development of world philology.