Measurement and Monitoring System for Vibrations of Moving Parts in Electrical Machines

Abstract

The vibration of moving parts in electrical machines is one of the main indicators used to evaluate the technical condition and operational reliability of rotating equipment. During operation, electrical machines are exposed to mechanical and electromagnetic forces that may cause abnormal vibration in rotors, shafts, bearings and coupling elements. If these changes are not detected in time, they can lead to bearing wear, rotor imbalance, shaft misalignment and unexpected machine failure.
This article examines a measurement and monitoring system intended for detecting and analyzing vibration signals in the moving parts of electrical machines. The system is based on a vibration sensor, signal conditioning circuit, filtering stage, analog-to-digital conversion and microcontroller-based processing. The measured vibration signal is converted into an electrical signal by the sensor, filtered from noise and digitized for further analysis. Important vibration parameters such as amplitude, frequency, RMS value and peak value are used to assess the machine condition.
The proposed approach can be applied in electric motors, generators, pumps, compressors and other rotating equipment where continuous or periodic vibration monitoring is required. Such systems support early fault detection, reduce maintenance costs and increase operational safety.