THE SPECIFICS OF MODERN POLITICAL REFORM PROCESSES

Abstract

The modern processes of political reforms can be studied from various, including philosophical, positions. In the latter case, the concept of "reform" acts as a philosophical category exploring the field of politics in the context of the past and present in order to create a methodology for analyzing political reform and its development in the future. According to S. Pratsko and V. Shpak, in the modern period, the indispensable conditions for the implementation of reforms are: "a sense and awareness by society and each person of the usefulness, constructiveness and expediency of transformations; the ability in managing reform to adequately reflect and skillfully use the fundamental needs, interests and current needs of the majority of the population; the need to diagnose and resolve political conflicts and contradictions, to remove exacerbations of social tension and follow democratic principles, to prevent the manifestation of aggressiveness and authoritarianism of the authorities, the substitution of narrow-group state interests, and more" [4]. The post-Soviet transition unfolded in the context of globalization and the "third wave of democratization" (Huntington, Toffler, etc.), which gave the phenomenon of democracy new semantic shades, problematic nuances, development prospects, etc. Thus, when discussing the problems of transition from the Soviet to the democratic system, the probability of resuming the period of authoritarianism of one degree or another manifestation to contain chaos was theoretically considered the first years of the collapse of the USSR and the sustainable development of the newly independent states.