Comparative Insights into Surgical Outcomes and Complications of Mesh and Non-Mesh Hernia Repairs

Abstract

Hernias represent a common clinical condition characterized by the protrusion of intra-abdominal organs or tissues through a defect or weakened area of the abdominal wall. Among the various types, inguinal hernias are the most prevalent, particularly affecting the male population. Surgical repair remains the definitive treatment, with mesh and non-mesh techniques widely employed. Mesh repair involves the placement of synthetic or biological material to reinforce the abdominal wall, significantly reducing recurrence rates and promoting faster recovery. However, potential complications such as chronic pain and mesh-related infections warrant consideration. Non-mesh repair, relying solely on tissue approximation, may lower the risk of foreign body complications but is associated with a higher risk of recurrence. Etiological factors include congenital defects, increased intra-abdominal pressure, obesity, aging, and prior surgeries. Accurate diagnosis typically requires a combination of physical examination and imaging modalities. Optimal management integrates both surgical and non-surgical approaches, with individualized treatment plans based on patient-specific risk factors and clinical presentation