CLINICAL FEATURES OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST PATHOLOGY: THE ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DETECTION OF INFLAMMATORY, PRECANCEROUS DISEASES AND BREAST CANCER

Authors

  • Arman Khozhayev Oncologist, Doctor of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Professor of the S.N. Nugmanov Department of Oncology, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • Marat Mauletbayev Oncologist, Associate Professor of the Department of Oncology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan
  • Aigerim Aubakirova Radiologist, Doctor of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Clinical and Diagnostic Rehabilitation Center "SANAD", Karaganda, Kazakhstan
  • Assem Garipova Doctor of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Semey Medical University, University Hospital, Semey, Kazakhstan
  • Damira Baichapanova Doctor of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Kurmangazy District Hospital, Atyrau region, Kurmangazy district, Kurmangazy village, Kazakhstan
  • Aida Mangutova Doctor of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Medical Center "Damed Clinic", Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • Alexandr Khalmetov Resident oncologist, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan

Keywords:

breast, mammary gland, mammalogy, oncology, radiology, ultrasound, ultrasound diagnostics, B-mode, color Doppler, elastography, mammography, breast cancer, screening

Abstract

this scientific and analytical work presents the clinical aspects of ultrasound diagnostics of inflammatory, precancerous, and breast cancer, including rare pathologies. It provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of modern ultrasound diagnostic methods using various modes: B-mode alone, its combination with color Doppler and elastography, as well as their features and informative value in the differential and early diagnosis of pathological conditions of the mammary gland. Current proposals of ultrasound clinicians are provided in the following BI-RADS standard (6th edition). The possibilities of ultrasound correlation for nonspecific symptoms such as pain and discomfort in the mammary glands, known as mastalgia and mastodynia, are described. Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of various mammary gland pathologies are presented, and current international practices and trends regarding oncovigilance and early diagnosis of breast cancer, including screening, using ultrasound are described in detail

Published

2025-12-22

How to Cite

Arman Khozhayev, Marat Mauletbayev, Aigerim Aubakirova, Assem Garipova, Damira Baichapanova, Aida Mangutova, & Alexandr Khalmetov. (2025). CLINICAL FEATURES OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST PATHOLOGY: THE ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DETECTION OF INFLAMMATORY, PRECANCEROUS DISEASES AND BREAST CANCER. Theoretical Hypotheses and Empirical Results, (12). Retrieved from https://ojs.publisher.agency/index.php/THIR/article/view/7505

Issue

No. 12 (2025): Theoretical Hypotheses and Empirical Results

Section

Medical Sciences

License

Creative Commons License

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