Utilization of Antibiotics in the Intensive Care Units (ICU) at the tertiary care Hospital in Dharashiv

Abstract

Drug utilization studies are crucial in analyzing prescription patterns among patients, providing valuable insights for enhancing the appropriate and effective use of antibiotics. These studies are instrumental in developing proper protocols for antibiotic use in hospital settings, ensuring that patients receive the best possible care while minimizing the risk of antibiotic resistance. This retrospective study was conducted over 10 months in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) department, involving 256 patients. The study's primary aim was to assess the prescribing patterns of antibiotics in the ICU. The findings revealed that Ceftriaxone was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic, followed closely by the combination of piperacillin and tazobactam. The preference for Ceftriaxone could be attributed to its broad-spectrum activity, making it a reliable choice for treating various infections commonly encountered in critically ill patients. Piperacillin/tazobactam, another broad-spectrum antibiotic, is often used due to its effectiveness against many bacterial pathogens, including those resistant to other antibiotics. The study highlights the importance of continuously monitoring and evaluating antibiotic prescribing patterns in the ICU. Such evaluations help in identifying trends, potential overuse, or misuse of certain antibiotics, and in implementing targeted interventions to promote rational antibiotic use. By understanding the prescribing habits, healthcare providers can adjust their practices to improve patient outcomes, reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions, and combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance. In conclusion, this study underscores the need for ongoing drug utilization reviews in critical care settings. By focusing on the most commonly prescribed antibiotics like Ceftriaxone and piperacillin/tazobactam, healthcare institutions can develop and refine antibiotic stewardship programs that ensure the optimal use of these life-saving medications. This approach enhances patient care and contributes to the global effort to preserve the efficacy of existing antibiotics for future generations.