COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS IN CHINA AND KAZAKHSTAN: CHALLENGES, PROSPECTS, AND THE POTENTIAL FOR INTEGRATING BEST PRACTICES

Abstract

The importance of the study is due to the increasing role of primary health care (PHC) as the foundations of the sustainability of national health systems. With the growth of chronic diseases, the aging of the population and the need to increase the availability of medical services, primary health care is becoming a key factor determining the effectiveness of the entire healthcare system.
In recent years, China and Kazakhstan have been carrying out large-scale reforms aimed at the primary health system. However, their development models differ. China is actively implementing integrated and digital mechanisms for the organization of primary health care, while Kazakhstan is developing a multidisciplinary and socially oriented model of primary care based on family medicine and health system reform programs.
Comparative analysis of data systems is becoming especially relevant for identifying problems, evaluating the effectiveness of reforms, and opportunities for mutual learning.
The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of primary health care systems in China and Kazakhstan. Identify problems, identify ways to solve them, and consider applying best practices to improve the effectiveness of national health systems.
To achieve this goal, we have to solve the following tasks:
1. To study the theoretical and organizational foundations of PHC systems in China and Kazakhstan.
2. To identify the main problems faced by the medical sector in modern countries.
3. Compare the models of reform and management approaches in the field of primary health care.
4. Identify development prospects and areas for applying best practices.
The scientific novelty of this study lies in a comprehensive comparative analysis of primary health care (PHC) systems in China and Kazakhstan. The emphasis is not only on structural features, but also on managerial, digital and organizational principles that can be adapted to national conditions.
The study systematizes the prospects for the development of best practices in both countries in the context of modern challenges in the field of healthcare.
This study is aimed at deepening the transformations in the first aid system and creating an analytical framework for monitoring health policy in Kazakhstan and other countries with economies in transition.